《民法典》视域下生态环境损害归责原则及其司法适用  

The Principle of Liability for Ecological Environmental Damage and Its Judicial Application from the Perspective of Civil Code of China

作　　者：薄晓波[1] Bo Xiaobo

机构地区：[1]江南大学法学院,无锡214122

出　　处：《中州学刊》2021年第3期58-61,共4页Academic Journal of Zhongzhou

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目“环境民事公益诉讼制度完善研究”(15CFX018)。

摘　　要：《民法典》及环境保护法关于环境民事公益诉讼与生态环境损害赔偿诉讼中生态环境损害归责原则的规定不尽相同,有可能造成立法逻辑混乱、法律适用不统一。市场主体在公法设定的私权边界内行使权利造成生态环境损害的,应当适用过错责任原则,否则会使法律设定的权利边界丧失对社会主体的行为指引作用。《民法典》规定生态环境损害适用过错责任原则具有合理性,司法适用中要考虑“国家规定”的具体范围,生态环境损害与人身、财产损害的归责原则区分,同一行为引发多重诉讼时的顺位,未违反法律规定情况下生态环境损害的补救等问题。The Civil Code and environmental protection law of China have different provisions on the principle of liability for ecological environment damage in environmental civil public interest litigation and ecological environment damage compensation litigation,which may cause confusion in legislative logic and disunity of law application.If market entities exercise their rights within the boundaries of private rights set by public law and cause damage to the ecological environment,the principle of fault liability should be applied,otherwise the rights boundaries set by the law will lose their role in guiding social entities.It is reasonable to apply the principle of fault liability to the ecological environment damage in the Civil Code.The specific scope of"national regulations",the distinction between the ecological environment damage and the principle of liability for personal and property damage,the order of the multiple lawsuits caused by the same act,and the remedy of ecological damage without violating the law should be considered in judicial application.

关 键 词：《民法典》 生态环境损害 归责原则 

分 类 号：D922.68[政治法律—环境与资源保护法学]