不同小麦秸秆还田覆盖度对旱作农田土壤微生物群落多样性的影响  

Effect of different wheat straw return coverage on the diversity of soil microbial communities in dry farmland

作　　者：张婷婷[1,2] 王丽芳 张德健[1,2] 路战远 程玉臣 李福[1,2] 刘战勇 敦惠霞 ZHANG Tingting;WANG Lifang;ZHANG Dejian;LU Zhanyuan;CHENG Yuchen;LI Fu;LIU Zhanyong;DUN Huixia(Key Laboratory of Herbage and Endemic Crop Biotechnology,Ministry of Education,Hohhot 010070,China;College of Life Sciences,Inner Mongolia University,Hohhot 010070,China;Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences,Hohhot 010031,China)

机构地区：[1]牧草与特色作物生物技术教育部重点实验室,内蒙古呼和浩特010070 [2]内蒙古大学生命科学学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010070 [3]内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010031

出　　处：《北方农业学报》2021年第1期77-87,共11页Journal of Northern Agriculture

基　　金：内蒙古自治区科技重大专项(zdzx2018017)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究内蒙古旱作农田不同小麦秸秆还田覆盖度对土壤微生物群落多样性的影响,以期筛选出最适合该地区的秸秆还田量,为内蒙古地区秸秆还田技术的改进提供理论基础。【方法】试验共设5个小麦秸秆还田覆盖度(0、30%、50%、70%、90%),使用高通量测序检测土壤中的真菌和细菌,并进行物种丰富度和群落结构分析。【结果】当小麦秸秆还田覆盖度为50%时,微生物群落的多样性最高、物种丰富度较高且物种均匀度较好。真菌和细菌的峰值出现在不同的覆盖度上,小麦秸秆还田覆盖度70%也存在较大正面影响。【结论】有秸秆覆盖的情况下,土壤微生物多样性高且群落稳定,特别是当小麦秸秆还田覆盖度为50%时,能够使土壤微生物群落保持在较稳定水平。小麦秸秆还田覆盖度为70%时也对土壤微生物群落多样性有较大正面影响。【Objective】To study the effect of different wheat straw return coverage on the diversity of soil microbial communities in dry farmland in Inner Mongolia,in order to screen out the most suitable amount of straw returning to the field to provide a theoretical basis for improving the straw returning technology in Inner Mongolia.【Methods】The experiment set a total of 5 wheat straw return coverage(0,30%,50%,70%,90%),using high-throughput sequencing to detect fungi and bacteria in the soil,and corresponding species richness analysis and community structure analysis were performed.【Results】The microbial community had the highest diversity,higher species richness,and better species uniformity when the coverage of wheat straw returned to the field was 50%.The peaks of fungi and bacteria appeared at different coverage,and the 70%wheat straw return coverage also had greater positive effects.【Conclusion】With straw mulch,higher the soil microbial diversity,and also more stable the community,especially when the wheat straw return coverage was 50%,the soil microbial community can be maintained at a relatively stable level.It also had a greater positive impact on the diversity of soil microbial communities,when the wheat straw return coverage 70%.

关 键 词：小麦 秸秆还田 秸秆覆盖度 土壤 微生物群落 旱作农田 

分 类 号：S345[农业科学—作物栽培与耕作技术] S154.38[农业科学—农艺学]