三峡水库消落带典型主动与被动修复策略对土壤饱和导水率的影响  

Effects of Active and Passive Restoration Strategy on Soil Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity in Riparian Zone of the Three Gorges Reservoir

作　　者：朱凯[1,2] 马茂华 李文娟 冉义国[1,2] 冉娇娇 吴胜军 ZHU Kai;MA Maohua;LI Wenjuan;RAN Yiguo;RAN Jiaojiao;WU Shengjun(Key Laboratory of Reservoir Aquatic Environment,Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Chongqing 400714,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院水库水环境重点实验室,中国科学院重庆绿色智能技术研究院,重庆400714 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《三峡生态环境监测》2021年第1期1-7,共7页Ecology and Environmental Monitoring of Three Gorges

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51779241,41571497,41701247)。

摘　　要：人工造林的主动修复与退耕还林还草的被动修复是退化生态系统典型的生态修复策略。以三峡水库运行后形成的消落带为研究对象,研究不同生态修复策略对消落带土壤饱和导水率的影响,对生态脆弱带的水土保持效应具有重要意义。选取桑树+水杉复合林(主动修复)、自然草地(被动修复)、农田(对照)为研究样地,探究了两种不同生态修复策略下三峡水库消落带表层土壤饱和导水率特征及其影响因子。结果表明:被动修复自然草地土壤饱和导水率[(0.46±0.15)mm/min]显著高于桑树+水杉复合林[(0.091±0.03)mm/min]、玉米地[(0.090±0.04)mm/min]和水田[(0.0091±0.01)mm/min]。相关分析显示,土壤饱和导水率与土壤有机碳含量、总孔隙度、毛管孔隙度及田间持水量显著正相关,与土壤容重显著负相关(P<0.05)。通过逐步回归分析发现,土壤田间持水量是影响消落带土壤饱和导水率的主导因子。相较主动修复策略,被动修复策略更能够保持水土,减少土壤侵蚀。被动生态修复主要是通过提升土壤田间持水量,从而增强土壤饱和导水率。研究结果有助于了解消落带不同修复策略的土壤水文过程,为三峡水库消落带选择合适的生态修复策略提供理论依据。Active restoration and passive restoration are two typical ecological restoration strategies for the degraded ecosystem.Some ecological problems occurred since the operation of Three Gorges Dams.It is of great significance for soil and water conservation to study the effects of different ecological restoration strategies on soil saturated hydraulic conductivity in riparian zone of the Three Gorges Reservoir(TGR).In this study takes,mulberry&metasequoia mixed plantations(active restoration),fallow grassland(passive restoration)and farmland(control)as the research object to investigate and the characteristics and influencing factors of surface soil saturated hydraulic conductivity under two different ecological restoration strategies in riparian zone of the TGR.The results show that the soil saturated hydraulic conductivity of the fallow grassland[(0.46±0.15)mm/min]was significantly higher than that of mulberry and metasequoia mixed plantations[(0.091±0.03)mm/min],corn field[(0.090±0.04)mm/min]and paddy field[(0.0091±0.01)mm/min].Pearson correlation analysis show that the soil total porosity,soil organic carbon,soil bulk density,soil capillary porosity and soil field water holding capacity are significantly correlated with soil saturated hydraulic conductivity,respectively.In addition,stepwise regression analysis further indicats that soil field water holding capacity is the predominant factor affecting the soil saturated hydraulic conductivity in the Three Gorges Reservoir.The research results are helpful to understand the soil hydrological process of different restoration strategies in the riparian zone,and provide theoretical basis for the selection of appropriate ecological restoration strategies in the riparian zone of the TGR.

关 键 词：饱和导水率 主动修复 被动修复 消落带 

分 类 号：S152.7[农业科学—土壤学]