基于高温扭转方法制备6061铝合金/304不锈钢层状复合材料的组织及性能  

Study on Microstructure and Properties of 6061 Al Alloy/304 Stainless Steel Multilayered Composites Based on High-Temperature Torsion Method

作　　者：陈宇强[1] 张浩[1] 黄浩 张文涛 谢功园 刘文辉[1] 潘素平 宋宇峰 刘阳[1] CHEN Yuqiang;ZHANG Hao;HUANG Hao;ZHANG Wentao;XIE Gongyuan;LIU Wenhui;PAN Suping;SONG Yufeng;LIU Yang(Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of New Energy Storage and Conversion of Advanced Materials,Hunan University of Science and Technology,Xiangtan 411201,China;Jianglu Machinery Electronics Group Co.,Ltd,Xiangtan 411201,China;Advanced Research Center,Central South University,Changsha 410083,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南科技大学新能源储存与转换先进材料湖南省重点实验室,湘潭411201 [2]江麓机电集团有限公司,湘潭411201 [3]中南大学高等研究中心,长沙410083

出　　处：《材料导报》2021年第6期6167-6173,共7页Materials Reports

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51405153,51875197)。

摘　　要：金属层状复合材料因兼具各金属组元的优良性能是目前材料界研究的热点。本工作利用高温扭转方法开发了一种新型多层金属复合材料的成型工艺,并通过力学拉伸性能测试、扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)和电子背散射衍射(EBSD)分析,探究了不同扭转工艺对6061铝合金/304不锈钢层状复合材料组织和性能的影响。实验结果显示,在1080~2160°的扭转角度范围内,随着扭转角度增加,6061铝合金/304不锈钢复合材料的抗拉强度(σth)下降,伸长率(δ)显著提高,且界面结合效果越来越好。在保持扭转力的条件下进行0~60 min的保温处理,复合材料的σth和δ随着保温时间的延长没有明显变化,但结合界面中金属原子之间的相互扩散效果更加显著,界面处的应力集中也显著降低。经1080°扭转成型后,复合材料的σth为333.4 MPa,δ为77.3%,均高于该复合材料的理论计算值,这可能与该复合材料扭转成型过程中的组织细化以及其独特的螺旋型结构有关。Due to their excellent properties,metal multilayered composites have recently become a research hotspot in material science.In this paper,a new type of forming technique for metal multilayered composite was developed through high-temperature torsion.Using mechanical tensile test,scanning electron microscopy(SEM),energy dispersive spectrometer(EDS)and electron backscatter diffraction(EBSD)analysis,the effects of torsion processes on the microstructure and properties of 6061 Al alloy/304 stainless steel multilayered composites were studied.The results show that,the tensile strength(σth)of the composite decreases with the increase of torsion angle from 1080°to 2160°,while its elongation(δ)increases significantly.Keeping the torsion force for 0 min to 60 min,theσth andδvalues of the composite change little,while the element diffusion at the interface become evident and the local stress concentration at the interface is released.After a 1080°torsion,theσth andδvalues of the composite are 333.4 MPa and 77.3%respectively,which are higher than their corresponding theoretical values.This is probably due to the microstructure refinement of composite during high temperature torsion and its particular screw-type structure.

关 键 词：高温扭转 层状复合材料 6061铝合金/304不锈钢 

分 类 号：TG146.2[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]