莫桑比克海峡及其邻近海区正压潮流数值模拟与能量收支分析  

Numerical simulation of barotropic tides in Mozambique Strait and its adjacent coastal area and energy budget analysis

作　　者：张华 温茜茜 彭世球[1,2,3,4] ZHANG Hua;WEN Xixi;PENG Shiqiu(State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography(South China Sea Institute of Oceanology,Chinese Academy of Sciences),Guangzhou 510301,China;Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory,Guangzhou 511458,China;Institution of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510301,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]热带海洋环境国家重点实验室(中国科学院南海海洋研究所),广东广州510301 [2]南方海洋科学与工程广东实验室,广东广州511458 [3]中国科学院南海生态环境工程研究院,广东广州510301 [4]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《热带海洋学报》2021年第2期7-16,共10页Journal of Tropical Oceanography

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41931182,41521005,41676016);广东省重点工程(2019BT2H594);南方海洋科学与工程广东实验室(广州)引进人才队伍重点专项(GML2019ZD0303,GML2019ZD0304);中国科学院重点部署项目(ZDRW-XH-2019-2);中国科学院南海生态环境工程创新研究院自主部署项目(ISEE2018PY05);热带海洋学国家重点实验室独立研究项目(LTOZZ1902,LTOZZ1802)。

摘　　要：莫桑比克海峡及其邻近海区是全球海洋潮流和潮能耗散最强的海区之一。文章利用高分辨率通用环流模式对该海区的正压潮流进行模拟,并对该海区潮能通量和潮能耗散特征进行分析。结果表明,莫桑比克海峡及其邻近海区的潮波主要是半日分潮占主导地位,全日分潮可忽略不计,M_(2)分潮形成1个左旋潮波系统和1个右旋潮波系统,S_(2)分潮形成1个左旋潮波系统。莫桑比克海峡和马达加斯加岛南部等绝大数区域的M_(2)和S_(2)半日潮流是逆时针旋转,在马达加斯加岛顶部等局部区域是顺时针旋转,而且在海峡通道等复杂地形处潮流流速量级较大。潮能通量矢量主要来自东边界,大部分潮能通量沿马达加斯岛北部传入莫桑比克海峡区域,其中经过马达加斯加岛北部和进入莫桑比克海峡的M_(2)(S_(2))分潮的潮能通量分别为156.86GW(40.53GW)和148.07GW(36.05GW),S_(2)分潮潮能通量的量级大约为M_(2)分潮的1/5~1/4。底摩擦耗散主要发生莫桑比克海峡和马达加斯加岛南北部,其中莫桑比克海峡M_(2)(S_(2))分潮的底摩擦耗散为1.76_(2)GW(0.460GW),占其底部总耗散的43.74%(39.7_(2)%)。The Mozambique Strait and its adjacent coastal area are one of the areas with the strongest tidal current and energy dissipation in the world.In this study,the high-resolution MIT general circulation model(MITgcm)is used to simulate the barotropic current in this area,and the characteristics of tidal energy flux and dissipation are analyzed.The results show that the tidal waves in the Mozambique Strait and its adjacent coastal area are dominated by the semidiurnal tide while the diurnal tide can be ignored.The M_(2) barotropic tide forms an anticlockwise rotary tidal system and a clockwise rotary system,and the S_(2) barotropic tide forms an anticlockwise rotary tidal system only.The M_(2) and S_(2) barotropic tidal currents in the Mozambique Strait and the southern part of Madagascar are counter-clockwise,and those north of Madagascar and other local areas are clockwise.The current velocity is large in the strait and over rough topography.The tidal energy mainly divergences at the east boundary while most of that convergences at the Mozambique Strait along the northern part of Madagascar Island.The tidal energy flux of M_(2)(S_(2))barotropic tide passing through the northern part of Madagascar Island and the Mozambique Strait is 156.86 GW(40.53 GW)and 148.07 GW(36.05 GW),respectively.The dissipation induced by bottom friction mainly occurs in the Mozambique Strait and the south and north of Madagascar Island.The bottom friction dissipation of M_(2)(S_(2))barotropic tide is 1.76_(2) GW(0.460 GW)in the Mozambique Strait,accounting for 43.74%(39.7_(2)%)of the total dissipation in the water column.

关 键 词：莫桑比克海峡 潮能通量 潮能耗散 数值模拟 正压潮 

分 类 号：P731.2[天文地球—海洋科学]