珊瑚礁地层钻探取心技术研究及应用  

Research and application of core drilling technology in coral reef

作　　者：班金彭 宋继伟[2] 黄明勇 彭坤 代云鹏 BAN Jinpeng;SONG Jiwei;HUANG Mingyong;PENG Kun;DAI Yunpeng(115 Geological Team,Bureau of Geology and Mineral Exploration and Development of Guizhou Province,Qingzhen Guizhou 551400,China;112 Geological Team,Bureau of Geology and Mineral Exploration and Development of Guizhou Province,Anshun Guizhou 561000,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省地质矿产勘查开发局一一五地质大队,贵州清镇551400 [2]贵州省地质矿产勘查开发局一一二地质大队,贵州安顺561000

出　　处：《钻探工程》2021年第3期125-133,共9页Drilling Engineering

基　　金：贵州省地矿局地质科研项目“人工吹填珊瑚岛礁钻探取心技术研究及应用”(编号:黔地矿科合[2017]22号)。

摘　　要：人工吹填珊瑚岛礁地层结构比较特殊,以珊瑚砂和珊瑚碎屑为主,取心和成孔难度较大。以南海某岛礁地质钻探取心工程实践为例,针对地层岩性特点,采用一系列对应技术措施:上部松散或弱胶结砂砾层采取跟管钻进和无水干钻取心技术;礁灰岩全漏失地层设计了一套掏砂钻具进行掏砂,确保井眼干净;软硬互层采用超前侧喷钻头;粉砂质地层采取小口径钻具无水干钻取心技术等。该技术在18个钻孔实施中取得了良好的效果,可为后续珊瑚礁地层钻探取心提供借鉴。The artificially filled coral islands and reefs have a special stratigraphic structure,mainly of coral sand and coral debris,which makes it difficult to core and form holes.Taking the geological drilling and coring project on an island and reef in the South China Sea as an example,a series of corresponding technical measures were adopted according to the lithological characteristics of the formation:casing while drilling and dry core drilling for the upper loose or weakly cemented sand and gravel;a sand⁃bailing tool designed for complete circulation loss formation to ensure a clean borehole in reef limestone;drill bits with advance side nozzles for the soft and hard alternate beds;small⁃diameter dry core drilling for the silt⁃sand layer.The technology has achieved good results in drilling of 18 boreholes,which can provide a reference for subsequent coring in coral reef formations.

关 键 词：珊瑚礁地层 钻探取心技术 岩心采取率 弱胶结地层 礁灰岩 跟管钻进 无水干钻取心 

分 类 号：P634[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]