煤炭除灰技术的现状和发展  

Current Situation of Coal Deashing Technology and its Development in Future

作　　者：赵利军 Zhao Lijun(National Institute of Clean-and-low-carbon Energy,Beijing,102211)

机构地区：[1]国家能源集团北京低碳清洁能源研究院,北京102211

出　　处：《能源科技》2021年第1期83-86,90,共5页Energy Science and Technology

摘　　要：除灰有助于煤炭作为燃料和化工冶金原料的清洁高效利用,可以分为传统物理除灰和在传统除灰基础上的精制除灰。传统除灰可对灰分进行初步脱除,提高煤炭使用效率,产生的矸石、粉煤灰和炉渣等固废需要处理和有效利用,避免造成污染。精制除灰,分为非传统物理法除灰和化学法除灰。精制除灰可以得到低灰煤,作为材料使用,以发挥煤炭种类丰富和结构多样的特点。尤其是化学法除灰,可以得到极低灰分的超纯煤,具有非常好的应用前景。除灰药剂再生,以及灰分的处理和资源化利用,是化学法除灰工业应用的关键技术。Coal deashing can contribute to the clean and effective application of coal as fuel,and chemical&metallurgical feedstock.Generally,coal deashing can be classified into primary deashing and secondary deashing.Primary deashing that generally improves coal utilization efficiency under many occasions can be ap⁃plied by the traditional physical deashing methods,and the solid wastes in the form of gangues,fly ashes and slags should be carefully treated or utilized to eliminate environmental problems.Secondary deashing can be applied by nontraditional physical methods or chemical methods,and the clean coals with low ashes can be used as carbon materials,by taking advantage of the coals of various types and rich structures.Chemical methods can produce ultra clean coals with extremely low ashes,giving good promise for use as advanced materials.Regeneration of deashing chemicals,and treatment and utilization of ash in the chemical process should be the key to the industrialization of chemical methods.

关 键 词：煤炭 除灰 炭材料 

分 类 号：TD84[矿业工程—煤矿开采]