植物腺毛中防御物质的合成与调控及转运研究进展  

Advances in Synthesis,Regulation and Transportation of Defensive Substances Produced in Plant Glandular Trichomes

作　　者：王露 赵天祎 蔡明[1] WANG Lu;ZHAO Tianyi;CAI Ming(Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Engineering Research Center of Landscape Environment Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China)

机构地区：[1]花卉种质资源创新与分子育种北京市重点实验室,国家花卉工程技术研究中心,城乡生态环境北京实验室,园林环境教育部工程研究中心,林木花卉遗传育种教育部重点实验室,园林学院,北京林业大学,北京100083

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2021年第2期338-347,共10页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金(31500574);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(2015ZCQ-YL-03)。

摘　　要：植物毛状体来源于表皮细胞的延伸,是表皮细胞的特有结构。植物毛状体可分为腺毛和非腺毛,腺毛是具有分泌作用的毛状体,也是大量次生代谢产物的合成、储存以及释放的场所。植物腺毛常分泌不同类型的防御物质如萜类、氨基酸及苯丙烷类、酰基糖、脂肪类衍生物等,这些次生代谢物质能够保护植物免受生物和非生物胁迫,具有重要的防御作用。该文对近年来国内外有关植物腺毛的类型、防御物质的合成与调控等方面的研究进展进行综述,并重点对其合成途径、调控机理与转运机制的研究进展进行梳理,以期为防御物质的生物合成和遗传改良研究提供参考。Trichomes are derived from the extension of plant epidermal cells and are a unique structure.trichomes can be divided into glandular and non-glandular trichomes.Glandular trichomes are secretory trichomes where a large number of secondary metabolites are synthesized,stored and released.Glandular trichomes often secrete different types of defensive substances such as terpenes,amino acids and phenylpropanes,acylsugars,fatty derivatives,etc.These secondary metabolites can protect plants from biotic and abiotic stresses and have important defensive effects.Therefore,this article summarizes the types of glandular trichomes,the synthesis and regulation of defense substances,and focuses on the study of its synthesis pathways,regulation mechanisms and transport mechanisms to provide references for the research on the biosynthesis and genetic improvement of defense substances.

关 键 词：腺毛 防御物质 合成调控 转运蛋白 

分 类 号：Q944.56[生物学—植物学] Q946.8