仿刺参夏眠前后池塘沉积物—水界面氮、磷通量研究  

Changes of N and P Fluxes in Sediment-Water Surface in Aquaculture Pond duringAestivation of Sea Cucumber Apostichopus japonicus

作　　者：王摆[1] 高杉[1] 周遵春[1] WANG Bai;GAO Shan;ZHOU Zunchun(Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Resources and Ecology,Liaoning Province,Liaoning Ocean and Fisheries Science Research Institute,Dalian 116023,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁省海洋水产科学研究院,辽宁省海洋生物资源与生态学重点实验室,辽宁大连116023

出　　处：《水产科学》2021年第2期239-243,共5页Fisheries Science

基　　金：辽宁省“兴辽英才计划”项目(XLYC1802091);大连市高层次人才创新支持计划项目(2017RQ159);辽宁省海洋与渔业厅项目(201606).

摘　　要：在仿刺参夏眠前后(6—10月),原位采集仿刺参养殖池塘的沉积物—水界面样品,检测沉积物上覆水的氨氮、亚硝态氮、硝态氮和无机磷酸盐含量及变化,研究沉积物—水界面氮、磷通量变化规律。试验结果显示,亚硝态氮+硝态氮(NO x - -N)通量呈先降后升的变化规律,8月的NO x - -N通量达到极低值,为-(66.12±7.66) mg/(m^( 2) ·d);氨氮(NH 4 + -N)通量呈先升后降再升高的变化规律,7月的NH 4 + -N通量达到最高值,为(6.21±0.55) mg/(m^( 2) ·d),9月达到极低值,为-(14.88± 1.44 ) mg/(m^( 2) ·d);可溶性无机磷酸盐通量呈先升后降的变化规律,8月的可溶性无机磷酸盐通量达到最高值,为( 4.20 ±0.56) mg/(m^( 2) ·d),10月达到极低值,为-(3.48±0.43) mg/(m^( 2) ·d)。相关性分析发现,可溶性无机磷酸盐通量与水温呈显著的正相关,与水体中可溶性无机磷酸盐含量呈显著负相关;NO x - -N通量与水体中亚硝态氮和硝态氮含量呈显著正相关。试验结果表明,仿刺参夏眠期间池塘沉积物是重要的氮汇和磷源,对水体的氮磷含量起着重要的调节作用。In order to study the fluxes of N and P in sediment-water surface in aquaculture pond, the concentrations of NO 2 -, NO 3 -, NH 4 + and DIP in sea water of sediment-water surface samples were detected and analyzed, during the aestivation of sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus from the June to the October. The results were found that the fluxes of NO x - -N in sediment-water surface had a special change of firstly then ascend in the sea cucumber aquaculture pond, from the June to October, the minimum value was -(66.12±7.66) mg/(m^( 2)·d) in the August. The fluxes of NH 4 +-N in sediment-water surface were increased, then decreased and then increased, the maximum value was (6.21±0.55) mg/(m^( 2)·d) in the July, the minimum value was -(14.88±1.44) mg/(m^( 2)·d) in the September. The fluxes of DIP in sediment-water surface were increased firstly, then decreased, the maximum value was (4.20±0.56) mg/(m^( 2)·d) in the August, the minimum value was -(3.48±0.43) mg/(m^( 2)·d) in the October. The relevance analysis showed that the DIP fluxes were significantly positively correlated to sea water temperature, and negatively to the DIP concentrations in sea water. The NO x - -N fluxes were significantly positively correlated to the concentrations of NO x - in sea water. These results showed that there were the nitrogen sequestration and phosphorus release of the sediment, regulated the content of N and P in water, in aquaculture pond during the aestivation of sea cucumber from the June to the October. The findings would provide scientific basis for the further study of ecological health cultivation and environment control in sea cucumber aquaculture pond.

关 键 词：仿刺参 沉积物—水界面 营养盐通量 夏眠 

分 类 号：S967.4[农业科学—水产养殖]