北京市房山区2016—2017年鼠类监测结果分析  

Analysis on the rodents density monitoring data in Fangshan District of Beijing,2016-2017

作　　者：龚海英 刘朝辉[1] 佟颖[2] 张勇[2] 刘美德[2] 曾晓芃[2] GONG Hai-ying;LIU Zhao-hui;TONG Ying;ZHANG Yong;LIU Mei-de;ZENG Xiao-peng(Fangshan District Centre for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 102488,China;Beijing Municipal Centre for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100013,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市房山区疾病预防控制中心,北京102488 [2]北京市疾病预防控制中心,北京100013

出　　处：《上海预防医学》2020年第12期992-995,共4页Shanghai Journal of Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：【目的】了解北京市房山区的鼠种类、鼠密度情况及其变化趋势,为制定鼠类防控方案提供依据。【方法】2016—2017年,分别在房山区的穆柯寨、仙峰谷、六石路、孤山寨、万景仙沟的原始林区、林缘地带、人类生活区设置监测点,采用夹夜法进行鼠密度监测。【结果】2016—2017年共布放鼠夹4 665夹次,捕获鼠类7种共268只,其中大林姬鼠为优势鼠种,所占比例为31.0%。原始林区(7.29%)及林缘地带(6.10%)的鼠密度均高于人类生活区(2.94%),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。2016年鼠密度为6.43%,2017年鼠密度为4.44%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。鼠密度受季节影响较大,9月份鼠密度最高(10.7%)。【结论】大林姬鼠为房山区的优势种群,并且属于染疫动物,存在鼠疫传播风险,且无论是相较于北京市其他区县还是外省市而言,本地区鼠类密度均处于较高水平,需采取综合性防治措施。[Objective]To understand species,population density,and seasonality of rodents in Fangshan District of Beijing and provide the information for prevention and control of rodents and rodent-borne diseases.[Methods]The rodents were captured by using the trap at-night method in Mukezhai,Xianfenggu,Liushilu,Gushanzhai,Wanjingxiangou.The rodents pieces were identified and the density was calculated.[Results]Totally 4665 traps were placed and 268 rodents were captured during 2016-2017.Among the seven identified species,the proportion of Apodemuspeninsulae was the highest(31.0%).The density of rodents was higher in primary forest area(7.29%)and edge area(6.10%)than in living area(2.94%)(P<0.05).The density of rodents was 6.43%in 2016,and 4.44%in 2017(P<0.05).The highest density(10.7%)was found in September.[Conclusion]The rodent species with highest density was Apodemuspeninsulae that can transmit Yersinia pestis.Comprehensive prevention measures should be taken to reduce the rodent density for controlling rodent-borne diseases.

关 键 词：鼠类 监测 密度 

分 类 号：R184.35[医药卫生—流行病学]