防疫补偿的法理基础与法制完善  

The Legal Basis and Legal System Improvement of Quarantine Compensation

作　　者：章惠琴 董保华 Zhang Huiqin;Dong Baohua(College of Culture and Law,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,P.R.China;Law School,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200241,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学文法学院 [2]华东师范大学法学院,上海200241

出　　处：《山东大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2021年第2期129-139,共11页Journal of Shandong University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目“集体协商制与员工参与制的互动关系在工业4.0时代的演进与重构研究”(18YJC820091);华东政法大学“博士毕业生后续学术发展支持计划”资助

摘　　要：强制隔离发生在行政机关与相对人之间,适用行政法上的权利义务。然强制隔离又会引致劳动者劳务给付不能,引发劳动法上的权利义务关系的异动。政府、劳动者与雇主之三角关系中,究竟“谁得向谁,依据何种法律规范,主张何种权利”亟待从法理层面厘清。观察各国及地区防疫补偿制度背后的假设和逻辑,分歧在于义务人与第三人的定位。政府应对为抗疫政策而牺牲自由者制订一个公平的补偿法制,这需要其首先由间接责任向直接责任回归,更精准施策,以在劳资政之间寻求或达成一个合理的权责关系。The rights and obligations of compulsory quarantine shall be governed by the administrative law.However,compulsory quarantine prevents workers from working,which will lead to changes in rights and obligations in labor law.In the triangular relationship among the state,employees and employers,some claims urgently need to be clarified from a legal perspective.Observing the logic behind the quarantine compensation system in various countries or regions,the difference lies in the positioning of the obligor and the third party.The state should formulate a fair compensation legal system for those who sacrifice freedom for anti-epidemic policies in order to seek or reach a reasonable power-responsibility relationship among workers,employers and governments.

关 键 词：强制隔离 给付不能 请求权 续付义务 行政补偿 

分 类 号：D922.16[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]