色差分析在优质小米选育中的应用  

Color Difference Analysis in the Application of High Quality Foxtail Millet Breeding

作　　者：张婷[1] 王根平[1] 罗焱杰 李琳[1] 高翔[1] 程汝宏[1] 师志刚[1] 董立[1] 张喜瑞[1] 杨伟红[1] 许立闪 ZHANG Ting;WANG GenPing;LUO YanJie;LI Lin;GAO Xiang;CHENG RuHong;SHI ZhiGang;DONG Li;ZHANG XiRui;YANG WeiHong;XU LiShan(Institute of Millet Crops,Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/National Foxtail Millet Improvement Center/Cereal Crops Laboratory of Hebei Province,Shijiazhuang 050035)

机构地区：[1]河北省农林科学院谷子研究所/国家谷子改良中心/河北省杂粮研究实验室,石家庄050035

出　　处：《中国农业科学》2021年第5期901-908,I0011,I0012,共10页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2019YFD1001700,2018YFD1000705-4);河北省现代农业产业技术体系杂粮杂豆创新团队优质夏谷岗位(HBCT2018070201);国家谷子糜子产业技术体系(CARS-06-13.5-A7);河北省科技计划(F18R16227508D-8);河北省农林科学院现代农业科技创新工程(2019-4-2-1);河北省重点研发计划(19226378D);河北省农林科学院博士基金(F17E02)。

摘　　要：【目的】分析近三届参加全国优质米评选谷子品种的色差,并与专家感官评价结果相结合,为提高优质米育种水平提供依据。【方法】统计2015年、2017年、2019年近三届参加优质米评选的谷子品种情况;分析色差测定结果L*值、a*值、b*值,并与商品性得分、蒸饭得分、煮饭得分和总分进行相关性分析;建立一级优质米的回归模型。【结果】近三届参加优质米评选的谷子参试品种数量呈增长的趋势,增加了82.3%,其中,夏谷区增加了60.0%,春谷区增加了100.0%,一级优质米的数量增加了133.3%;87.5%的一级优质米由7家科研单位育成;93.7%的品种杂交选育而成;抗除草剂类型占62.5%。一级优质米类型中,夏谷L*值变异范围为55.05—66.03,春谷L*值变异范围为53.12—68.84;夏谷a*值变异范围为1.63—8.74,春谷a*值变异范围为2.13—8.59;夏谷b*值变异范围为54.50—75.35,春谷b*值变异范围为40.07—71.40。所有参试品种及一级优质米的L*值、a*值、b*值均呈增加的趋势;与夏谷相比,春谷的b*值变异更大,色彩丰富度更高。总分、商品性得分和L*值、a*值、b*值呈显著相关,蒸饭得分和L*值、a*值呈显著相关,煮饭得分和L*值、a*值、b*值相关性不显著;商品性得分和总分的相关性最高,相关系数达0.7528;商品性得分和蒸饭得分极显著正相关,和煮饭得分不相关。一级优质米的回归模型中,L*值、a*值、b*值决定了总分74.3%的变异。夏谷区商品性和总分前10名的品种主要分为2种类型:一种是a*值较低,L*值和b*值较高的金黄色品种,如冀谷39、豫谷33;一种是a*值较高,L*值和b*值较低的浅黄偏红品种,如济谷19、冀谷42。春谷区商品性和总分前10名的品种主要分为3种类型:一种是L*值较低,a*值和b*值较高的深黄品种,如2015KM826F7-75、峰红4号;一种是L*值较高,a*值和b*值较低的浅黄品种,如榆谷抗1、赤红1号;一种是a*值较高,L*值和b*值较【Objective】The color difference analysis for grain quality evaluation was conducted using the foxtail millet varieties participating national high-quality foxtail millet competition in recent years.The results,combined with the expert sensory evaluation,could improve high quality millet breeding.【Method】Millet varieties that participated in the past three high-quality millet competition in 2015,2017,and 2019 were accounted,the L*values,a*values,b*values were determined by the color difference analysis,and the correlation analysis was performed with the commercial quality scores,cooking and eating quality scores and the total scores.【Result】The number of millet varieties competed for high-quality increased by 82.3%in the last 3 sessions.summer-sowing varieties increased by 60.0%while spring-sowing was 100.0%.The number of first-class quality varieties increased by 133.3%,of which,87.5%were bred by 7 scientific research institutes.93.7%of the varieties were bred by cross breeding,62.5%of which was herbicide resistant.Among all of the high-quality millets,the L*values ranged from 55.05 to 66.03 in summer-sowing region,which was from 53.12 to 68.84 in spring-sowing region.The a*values ranged from 1.63 to 8.74 in summer-sowing region,and that was from 2.13 to 8.59 in spring-sowing region.The b*values ranged from 54.50 to 75.35 in summer-sowing region,and that was from 40.07 to 71.40 in spring-sowing region.The L*values,a*values,b*values of all tested varieties and high-quality millets showed an increasing trend.Comparing with summer-sowing region,spring-sowing region had greater variation in b*value and the higher color richness.The commercial quality scores and the total scores were significantly correlated with L*values,a*values,b*values.The steamed millet scores were significantly correlated with L*,a*values.However,the millet congee scores were not significantly correlated with L*values,a*values,b*values.The correlation between commercial quality scores and total scores was the highest,with a correlati

关 键 词：谷子 色差分析 优质米 相关性分析 

分 类 号：S515[农业科学—作物学]