国内鬼针草属杂草类群的鉴别  

Identification of Bidens Weedy Taxa of Bidens in China

作　　者：陈雨婷 马良 陆堂艳 汪艳 高桂兰 郝建华[1] CHEN Yuting;MA Liang;LU Tangyan;WANG Yan;GAO Guilan;HAO Jianhua(School of Biology and Food Engineering,Changshu Institute of Technology,Changshu 215500,China)

机构地区：[1]常熟理工学院生物与食品工程学院,江苏常熟215500

出　　处：《常熟理工学院学报》2021年第2期87-91,共5页Journal of Changshu Institute of Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“中国外来入侵与非入侵植物自主结实特性的近缘种比较研究”(31370548);江苏省自然科学基金项目“基于入侵与非入侵近缘种比较的自主结实特性与草本外来植物的入侵性研究”(BK20131192);常熟理工学院大学生实践创新训练计划“鬼针草属外来植物的自交亲和性和种子产量与其入侵性的关系”(XJDC2020209)。

摘　　要：准确把握杂草的形态特征及鉴别方法,是进行杂草防控的重要基础.菊科鬼针草属(Bidens L.)杂草种类较多,其中有些种的中文俗名在不同文献中不一致,存在着同物异名和同名异物的现象,为这些杂草的识别和鉴定带来了不便.本文对国内已有文献报道的鬼针草属杂草进行了归纳整理,并结合鬼针草属的繁育系统实验结果,总结出国内鬼针草属植物共有9种3变种,其中鬼针草(B.pilosa)有三叶鬼针草(B.pilosa var.pilosa,原变种)、小白花鬼针草(B.pilosa var.minor)和白花鬼针草(B.pilosa var.radiata)3个变种.期望本研究结果为该属杂草中文俗名的规范使用、不同种的准确鉴别和采取有效防除措施提供参考.Studies about the morphological traits and identification methods of weedy taxa can have implications for the practices of control and management of weeds.The Chinese common names of weedy species in Bidens L.of Asteraceae are not completely consistent in literature.The synonym or homonym occurs in terms of a few species,which brings confusion for identifying and controlling these weeds.This study summarized the weedy taxa of genus Bidens found in the Chinese literature in combination with the reported experiment results of the breeding system of the Bidens.It was showed that there were 9 species and 3 varieties of the weedy Bidens in China.Among them,B.pilosa included three varieties:B.pilosa var.pilosa,B.pilosa var.minor,and B.pilosa var.radiata.The result of this study was expected to provide a reference for the standardized use of Chinese common names of weedy Bidens taxa,as well as the correct identification and effective control of weedy taxa.

关 键 词：鬼针草属 三叶鬼针草 白花鬼针草 中文俗名 杂草鉴别 

分 类 号：S451.0[农业科学—植物保护] Q949.72[生物学—植物学]