不同配方富钾土壤调理剂施用对土壤钾素及烟叶品质的影响  

Effect of Different New Potassium-rich Soil Conditioners on Soil Potassium and Tobacco Quality

作　　者：陶远征 李海平 丁梦娇 张发明 李刚 张毅[1] 范伟[1] 周冀衡[1] 吴岳庭 TAO Yuan-zheng;LI Hai-ping;DING Meng-jiao;ZHANG Fa-ming;LI Gang;ZHANG Yi;FAN Wei;ZHOU Ji-heng;WU Yue-ting(College of Biological Science and Technology,Hunan Agriculture University,Hunan Changsha 410128,China;Baoshan City,Yunnan Province Tobacco Company,Yunnan Baoshan 678000,China;Hunan Tobacco Industry Co,Ltd,Hunan Changsha 410014,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学生物科学技术学院,湖南长沙410128 [2]云南省烟草公司保山市公司,云南保山678000 [3]湖南中烟工业有限责任公司,湖南长沙410014

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2021年第1期94-99,共6页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：中国烟草云南省公司科技计划项目“高有机质酸性植烟土壤有机质矿化规律及调控技术研究”(2018530000242017)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究在中耕培土时期,基施和追施不同配方富钾土壤调理剂对烤烟生产的影响。【方法】利用木本泥炭、矿物钾肥(水热法)和钙镁磷肥代替常规施肥中的硫酸钾和硝酸钾,研究其对烤烟根区土壤p H值、速效钾、缓效钾、烟叶品质和烤烟经济状况的影响。【结果】不同配方富钾土壤调理剂可以有效的提高烤烟根区土壤pH值,并使其保持在5.5~6.5之间,效果为T5>T3>T4>T2>T1,其中木本泥炭基腐植酸钾(基肥)和钙镁磷肥配施效果最佳;追施木本泥炭基腐植酸钾、矿物钾肥(水热法)和钙镁磷肥均能显著提高土壤中速效钾、缓效钾含量以及中上等烟比例,其中木本泥炭基腐植酸钾(基肥)与矿物钾肥(水热法)1∶3施用效果最佳,速效钾含量分别高于对照60.95%(0~10 cm)、77.78%(20~40 cm),缓效钾含量高于对照16.63%(10~20 cm),中上等烟叶比例高于对照4.8%。【结论】在云南省腾冲地区酸化土壤上,基施和追施木本泥炭基腐植酸钾、矿物钾肥(水热法)和钙镁磷肥均能有效改良酸化土壤、提高土壤钾素库容及供钾能力、中上等烟比例、烟叶品质与烤烟经济状况,其中基施木本泥炭基腐植酸钾、追施水热法矿物钾肥按1∶3施用效果最佳。【Objective】The purpose of this paper was to study the effects of base and topdressing with different potassium-rich soil conditioners on tobacco production during the period of soil cultivation.【Method】In this study,wood peat derived potassium humate,mineral potash(hydrothermal method)and calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer were used instead of KNO3 or K2 SO4 on the base,to study their effects on soil pH,available potassium,slow potassium,tobacco leaf quality and economic status of flue-cured tobacco.【Result】The results showed that base and topdressing different potassium-rich soil conditioners could effectively improve soil pH of tobacco root zone and keep it between 5.5-6.5.The effect is as follows T5>T3>T4>T2>T1,among which wood peat derived potassium humate(base fertilizer)and calcium magnesium phosphorus fertilizer had the best effect;Topdressing wood peat derived potassium humate,mineral potash(hydrothermal meth-od)and calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer could significantly improve available potassium,slow potassium content of soil and the pro-portion of middle,upper leaves’.Among them,woody peat derived potassium humate(basic fertilizer)and mineral potassium fertilizer(hydrothermal method)had the best application effect at 1∶3.Compared with the control,the content of available potassium was increased by 60.95%(0-10 cm),77.78%(20-40 cm),the content of slow-acting potassium was increased by 16.63%(10.20 cm),and the proportion of middle with upper leaves was in-creased by 4.8%.【Conclusion】Base and topdressing wood peat derived potassium humate,mineral potash(hydrothermal method)and calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer could ef-fectively improve the acidified soil in Tengchong area of Yunnan province,increase soil potassium storage capacity and potassi-um supply capacity,the proportion of upper and middle leaves,the quality of tobacco leaves and the economic situation of flue-cured tobac-co.Base woody peat derived potassium humate and topdressing mineral potassium fertilizer(hydroth

关 键 词：钾素 富钾土壤调节剂 烟叶品质 中耕培土 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]