带叶兜兰菌根真菌的鉴定及其促生作用  

Identification and Growth Promoting Analysis of Mycorrhizal Fungi from Paphiopedilum hirsutissimun(Orchidaceae)

作　　者：王晓国[1,2] 闫海霞[2] 李秀玲[2] 何荆洲[2] 周主贵[2] WANG Xiao-guo;YAN Hai-xia;LI Xiu-ling;HE Jing-zhou;ZHOU Zhu-gui(Microbiology Research Institute,Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guangxi Nanning 530007,China;Flowers Research Insti-tute,Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guangxi Nanning 530007,China)

机构地区：[1]广西农业科学院微生物研究所,广西南宁530007 [2]广西农业科学院花卉研究所,广西南宁530007

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2021年第1期119-125,共7页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：广西自然科学基金青年基金项目(2018GXNSFBA281099);广西重点研发计划项目(桂科AB16380089);广西农业科学院科技发展基金项目(桂农科2017JM35)。

摘　　要：【目的】鉴定和筛选带叶兜兰根段的菌根真菌,为其种群恢复和其他种类野生兜兰的保育提供参考依据。【方法】观察广西带叶兜兰根段的菌丝团结构,并进行组织分离获取真菌菌株,采用形态观察和ITS序列分析相结合的方法对获取的真菌菌株进行鉴定,筛选部分真菌用于开展共生促生作用试验。【结果】用于分离菌根真菌的带叶兜兰根段多数有菌根真菌定殖,共分离到134株真菌,经ITS鉴定84株,分别属于镰刀菌属、炭球菌属和胶膜菌属等8属,其中镰刀菌属为优势菌群。筛选出10株菌株进行共生促生试验,其中,胶膜菌属菌株A-6对带叶兜兰组培苗具有极显著的促生效果(P<0.01),镰刀菌属菌株A-8的促生效果次之,胶膜菌属菌株B-2和炭团菌属菌株C-3的促生作用也较大,其余菌株对带叶兜兰组培苗均无显著促生效果(P>0.05)。【结论】带叶兜兰根段多数定植有菌根真菌,其中的镰刀菌属、炭团菌属和胶膜菌属为优势菌属,胶膜菌属菌株A-6对带叶兜兰组培苗的促生效果最佳,镰刀菌属菌株A-8次之,胶膜菌属菌株B-2和炭团菌属菌株C-3的促生效果也较明显,这些菌株可储备为保育和人工栽培带叶兜兰的菌种资源。【Objective】Identification and screening orchid mycorrhizal fungi is significant to the conservation of Paphiopedilum hirsutissimun and other orchidaceae plants.【Method】In this study,the mycorrhizal peletons were detected from P.hirsutissimun roots which have a wide distribution and severe habitat disturbance in Guangxi.The mycorrhizal fungi strains obtained from tissue isolation method and were identified by morphological observation and ITS sequencing,and the symbiotic growth promotion experiments were carried out with some fungi.【Result】The results showed that most of the root segments were colonized by mycorrhizal fungi.A total of 134 strains of fungi were isolated and rDNA ITS sequencing identified 84 strains.They belonged to Fusarium,Daldinia,Tulasnella and other genus,the Fusarium was the dominant ge-nus.Ten strains were selected for the experiment of symbiotic growth promotion,Tulasnella sp A-6 had extremely significant growth promotion effect(P<0.01),followed by Fusarium sp A-8,Tulasnella sp.B-2,Daldinia sp.C-3,and the rest strains had no significant growth promotion effect(P>0.05).【Conclusion】Most P.hirsutissimun roots are colonized by mycorrhizal fungi,Fusarium,Daldinia and Tulasnella are dom-inant general.The promotion effects of Tulasnella sp A-6 are the best,followed by Fusarium sp.A-8,Tulasnella sp.B-2,Daldinia sp.C-3.These strains can be resources for conversion and cultivation of P.hirsutissimun.

关 键 词：带叶兜兰 菌根真菌 鉴定 rDNA ITS序列 促生作用 

分 类 号：S682.31[农业科学—观赏园艺]