原料和温度对热带农林秸秆生物炭多环芳烃的影响  

Effects of Feedstock and Temperature on Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons(PAHs)of Biochar Produced from Tropical Agroforestry Wastes

作　　者：邹刚华 戴敏洁 赵凤亮[1] 单颖[1] ZOU Gang-hua;DAI Min-jie;ZHAO Feng-liang;SHAN Ying(Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Eco-Circular Agriculture,Environment and Plant Protection Institute,Chinese Academy of Tropical Ag-ricultural Sciences,Hainan Haikou 571101,China)

机构地区：[1]海南省热带生态循环农业重点实验室/中国热带农业科学院环境与植物保护研究所,海南海口571101

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2021年第1期144-150,共7页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0202101);中国热带农业科学院环境与植物保护研究所基本科研业务费专项资金(1630042019042,1630042017004);公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201503106)。

摘　　要：【目的】多环芳烃(PAHs)对人体健康存在危害,而生物质裂解过程中可产生PAHs,了解温度和原料对生物炭性质及PAHs影响具有重要实践意义。【方法】选取热区海南5种典型农林秸秆(椰壳、香蕉秆、橡胶杆、水稻秆和荔枝杆)在不同温度下(300、500和700℃)缺氧裂解制备生物炭,探讨原料和温度对生物炭基本属性以及PAHs的影响。【结果】(1)5种生物炭产率都随温度升高而下降,700℃平均产率为33%;pH和碳氢比随温度升高而增大,700℃时生物炭pH均值为9.8;木质原料生物炭碳氢比高于草本原料;500℃下各秸秆生物炭含碳量最高,均值为61.6%。(2)原料和温度主要影响生物炭中多环芳烃浓度而非种类,各生物炭中都以萘浓度最高,其次为菲、芴和蒽等。700℃下制备的生物炭中PAHs浓度相对较低,对应的原料为橡胶杆和椰壳;(3)各生物炭中多环芳烃浓度都未超标准,可以合理生产施用。【结论】研究结果可为热区生物炭制备和推广应用提供数据支持。【Objective】Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs),which can be produced in the pyrolysis of biomass,are harmful to human health.It is important to understand the effects of temperature and raw materials on the baisic properties and PAHs of biochar for application.【Method】Five kinds of typical agricultural and forestry wastes(coconut shell,banana stem,rubber stem,rice stem and litchi stem)from Hainan province in China,were selected to produce biochar under different temperatures(300,500 and 700℃),and the effects of raw ma-terials and temperatures on the basic properties of biochar and PAHs were discussed.【Result】The results showed that:(i)Yield of biochar reduced with the increase of temperature,with an average yield of 33%at 700℃;pH and C/H ratio raised with the increase of tempera-ture,with an average value of 9.8 for pH at 700℃;The C/H ratio of biochar from wood materials was higher than that from herb materials;Carbon content of biochar was the highest at 500℃,with an average value of 61.6%;(ii)Feedstock and temperature mainly affected the concentration of PAHs in biochar,not the species.Concentration of Naphthalene was the highest in biochar,followed by phenanthrene,flu-orene and anthracene.Concentration of PAHs in biochar prepared at 700℃was relatively low,and the corresponding raw materials were rubber stem and coconut shell;(iii)Content of PAHs in biochar was not beyond the control standard,so it could be used reasonably.【Con-clusion】Our results can provide data support for the preparation and application of biochar in tropical area.

关 键 词：农林废弃物 生物炭 多环芳烃 热带地区 

分 类 号：X71[环境科学与工程—环境工程]