超氧化物歧化酶的研究进展与植物抗逆性  

Progress on superoxide dismutase and plant stress resistance

作　　者：魏婧 徐畅 李可欣 贺洪军 徐启江 WEI Jing;XU Chang;LI Kexin;HE Hongjun;XU Qijiang(Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration Ministry of Education,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,China;College of Life Sciences,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,China;Dezhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Dezhou,Shandong 253015,China)

机构地区：[1]东北盐碱植被恢复与重建教育部重点实验室(东北林业大学),哈尔滨150040 [2]东北林业大学生命科学学院,哈尔滨150040 [3]德州市农业科学研究院,山东德州253015

出　　处：《植物生理学报》2020年第12期2571-2584,共14页Plant Physiology Journal

基　　金：东北林业大学大学生创新训练项目(201910225499和201910225185);中央高校基本科研业务费专项基金(2572014EA03和2572020DY15);黑龙江省自然科学基金(C2018002)。

摘　　要：植物超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase, SOD)广泛存在于动物、植物、微生物中,是机体清除活性氧的第一道防线,催化超氧化物的歧化反应,增强了植物在逆境胁迫下的耐受能力。本文从SOD的分类分布、进化关系、结构特征、基因表达与调控以及其在植物抗逆性的表现等方面的研究进展进行了综述,阐释其在植物逆境胁迫的防御响应下的重要作用。Superoxide dismutase(SOD) is widely found in animals, plants and microorganisms. It is the first line of defense for the plant to remove reactive oxygen species. SOD catalyzes superoxide dismutase reaction, and enhances the tolerance of plants under stress. In this paper, the classification and distribution of SOD, its evolutionary relationship, structural characteristics, gene expression and regulation, as well as its expression in plant stress resistance were reviewed, and the important role of SOD in plant stress defense response was explained.

关 键 词：植物 活性氧 抗逆性 超氧化物歧化酶 

分 类 号：Q945[生物学—植物学]