乡村图书馆是孵化乡村文化的暖巢——关于乡村图书馆参与乡村文化振兴的讨论  

Rural Library is a Warm Nest to Incubate Rural Culture——Discussion on Rural Libraries Participating in the Revitalization of Rural Culture

作　　者：王子舟[1] 李静 陈欣悦[1] 李丹清 贺梦洁 郑元元 余慧 刘晗月[1] Wang Zizhou;Li Jing;Chen Xinyue

机构地区：[1]北京大学信息管理系,北京100871 [2]陕西理工大学历史文化与旅游学院,陕西汉中723001 [3]石河子大学图书馆,新疆石河子832003

出　　处：《图书与情报》2021年第1期116-125,共10页Library & Information

摘　　要：乡村图书馆是乡村文化的重要组成部分。文章回顾乡村图书馆的历史,讨论乡村图书馆参与乡村文化振兴的理论依据、发展中存在的问题、重新复活的方式、目前的实践经验等,总结出乡村图书馆发展中的两种原动主体及其优劣之处,揭示出乡村图书馆在乡村文化振兴中的地位,提出了乡村图书馆自身健康发展、服务能力提升的可行方案。认为乡村图书馆具有保存乡村记忆、传播人类知识、培养地方认同感的功能,是实施社会教育的第二课堂、交换信息意见的公共空间、从事休闲娱乐的文化场所。其外部效应也很大,如扶助村民致富、成为美丽乡村文化标志等。乡村图书馆的建设应提倡“自下而上”的内生方式,其可持续发展的四种有效途径是:(1)政府分级投资、整合多方资源创办乡村图书馆;(2)政府通过购买乡村图书馆服务的方式促进乡村文化发展;(3)鼓励新乡贤或社会力量创办乡村图书馆,支持乡村文化建设;(4)图书馆专业力量介入乡村图书馆业务活动,提供专业指导及各种资源。Rural library is an important part of rural culture.On reviewing the history of rural libraries,this article discussed issues of the rural libraries'participating in rural cultural revitalization,including the theoretical basis,the existing problems in the development,the ways of revitalization and the current practical experience.Then,this paper summarized two primary actors with their advantages and disadvantages in the development of rural libraries,revealed the status of rural libraries in the revitalization of rural culture,and proposed feasible solutions for enhancing the healthy development and service capacity of rural libraries.It is believed that rural libraries have the functions of preserving rural memories,disseminating human knowledge and fostering local identity,which contributed to roles of rural libraries as the second classroom for social education,the public space for exchanging information and opinions,and the cultural place for leisure and entertainment.The external effects of rural libraries were also discovered to be significant,such as helping villagers to get rich and becoming a symbol of beautiful rural culture.It is suggested that the construction of rural libraries should follow the bottom-up and endogenous mode,in four pathways for the sustainable development:(1)government sectors investing at different levels and integrating various resources to establish rural libraries,(2)government sectors promoting the development of rural culture by purchasing rural library services,(3)encouraging new prominent rural personages or social forces to establish rural libraries to support the construction of rural culture,and(4)professionals from library field intervening in the activities of rural libraries to provide professional guidance and various resources.

关 键 词：乡村图书馆(农村图书馆) 乡村文化 乡村文化振兴 基层图书馆事业 

分 类 号：G252[文化科学—图书馆学]