公共服务购买合约治理探析——基于新制度经济学的分析视角  

Study of Regulation on Contracts of Public Service Purchases--Based on the Analysis View of Neoinstitutional Economics

作　　者：徐勇[1] XU Yong(Party School of Nanjing Municipal Committee of CPC,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210046)

机构地区：[1]中共南京市委党校,江苏南京210046

出　　处：《淮阴师范学院学报（哲学社会科学版）》2021年第1期54-61,108,共9页Journal of Huaiyin Teachers College(Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：2017年度江苏省哲学社会科学基金项目“公共服务购买中的责任风险及治理机制研究”(17ZZB002)。

摘　　要：受购买双方的有限理性、购买信息的不完全与不对称性,以及公共服务不确定性等因素的影响,公共服务购买通常以不完全契约的形式呈现。不完全契约容易引致合约主体的消极履约或机会主义行为。对此,新制度经济学给出了两种不同的合约治理方案。对照这两种方案,我国公共服务购买存在着政府剩余控制权过大、双方治理不完善、仲裁机构作用发挥有限及司法救济不足等问题。针对以上问题,公共服务购买合约治理需要以产权理论为鉴,从剩余控制权的优化配置出发,赋予合约主体平等的法律地位,给予服务承接方更多的话语权,稳定服务购买的优惠政策,完善风险收益分配机制,建立合约主体信任友好的合作关系。同时应以交易费用理论为鉴,建立和完善双方治理与第三方治理,即通过构建动态协商与再缔约机制,建立健全便捷高效的争议解决机制、公私法并存的救济制度以及第三方监督和诉讼制度等,确保购买双方和公众的利益。The public service purchase usually presents itself in the form of incomplete contract,affected by the bounded rationality of purchasers and sellers,the incompleteness and asymmetry of information purchase,and the uncertainties of public service.The incomplete contract can lead to the negative contract fulfillment by contracting parties or opportunism.Thus,two different solutions for the regulation of contracts are proposed by the neo-institutional economics.China's purchase of public service has some problems,such as government's overwhelming residual control right,imperfect governance,the limited influence of arbitral institutions,and insufficient judicial remedy.Thus,the regulation on the public service purchase contract should learn from the equity theory,optimize the residual control right,empower the contracting parties with equal legal status and give the service contractors with more bargaining power,stably provide the preferential policies of service purchase,improve the mechanism of risk return distribution and establish a friendly and mutual-trust partnership between the contracting parties.Moreover,the transaction cost theory should be used to establish the governance by two contracting parties and by the third party.This means improving the convenient and highly-efficient dispute settlement mechanism and relief system with the co-existence of public and private laws by building the dynamic negotiation and re-contracting mechanism as well as the system of supervision and lawsuit system by the third party to guarantee the interests of contracting parties and the public.

关 键 词：公共服务 购买 不完全契约 合约治理 

分 类 号：C931.2[经济管理—管理学]