粉垄耕作对黏性红壤团聚体稳定性的影响评估  

Evaluation of Smash Ridging on the Influence of Aggregates Stability in the Clay Red Topsoil

作　　者：郑佳舜 陈仕林 胡钧铭[1,2] 王瑾[1] 李婷婷[1] 杨任翔 俞月凤[1] 张俊辉[1] 韦本辉[3] 韦翔华[2] 蒋代华[2] ZHENG Jia-shun;CHEN Shi-lin;HU Jun-ming;WANG Jin;LI Ting-ting;YANG Ren-xiang;YU Yue-feng;ZHANG Jun-hui;WEI Ben-hui;WEI Xiang-hua;JIANG Dai-hua(Agriculural Resource and Enironment Research lnstitute,Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanning 530007,China;Agricultural College,Gungxi University,Naning 530004,China;Cash Crop Research lnstitute,Guangxi Academy of Agricultura Sciences,Nanning 530007,China)

机构地区：[1]广西农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所,广西南宁530007 [2]广西大学农学院,广西南宁530004 [3]广西农业科学院经济作物研究所,广西南宁530007

出　　处：《土壤通报》2020年第6期1394-1402,共9页Chinese Journal of Soil Science

基　　金：广西“新世纪十百千人才工程”专项资金(2018221);国家自然科学基金项目(41661074);广西科技重大专项(AA17204037-3);广西农业科学院创新团队项目(桂农科2021YT40)资助。

摘　　要：粉垄耕作是一种新型土壤横向切割、垂直深旋耕技术。为系统评估粉垄耕作对黏性红壤耕层土壤团聚体形成及结构性碳稳定性的影响,本研究在粉垄耕作发源地亚热带南方典型水旱红壤区,开展粉垄耕作对稻田、旱地蔗地耕层土壤结构影响的定位试验,分析粉垄耕作对不同类型农田土壤团聚体含量、团聚体有机碳、团聚体有机碳贡献率的影响。结果表明:粉垄耕作促进了农田黏性红壤机械性微团聚体形成,增加了更多的水田耕层土壤机械性微团聚体含量,降低了农田耕层土壤机械性大团聚体含量;粉垄耕作提高了黏性红壤旱地土壤水稳性团聚体稳定性和抗侵蚀能力,增加了水田耕层土壤团聚体破坏率。粉垄深旋耕了降低旱地耕层土壤水稳性中小、微团聚体含量,有利于旱地水稳性大团聚体含量提高24.3%,但粉垄深旋耕不利于水田耕层土壤水稳性大团聚体的形成。粉垄深旋耕能有效提高旱地耕层土壤总有机碳含量,不利于水田耕层土壤总有机碳的积累。粉垄深旋耕分别降低和增加了更多的水田耕层土壤机械性大团聚体和微团聚体有机碳贡献率。粉垄深旋耕提高了旱地耕层土壤水稳性大团聚体和微团聚体有机碳贡献率,但不利于水田土壤水稳性大团聚体有机碳的积累,其含量降低了32.6%,中小、微团聚体有机碳贡献率成倍增加。此外,粉垄深旋耕降低了耕层土壤团聚体含量及有机碳贡献率、团聚体稳定性的相关性,而水田耕层土壤中各指标的相关系数高于旱地耕层土壤。可见,粉垄深旋耕改变黏性红壤农田土壤结构,利于土壤机械性微团聚体形成和土壤结构性碳稳定,但对水田土壤团聚体形成具有负效应,不利于稻田土壤大团聚体形成。研究结果有助于土壤结构耕性不良逆境的调控,有利于改善土壤疏松状态,促进黏性红壤团聚体的形成和结构性碳的稳定性,为�Smash ridging is a new technique of deep vertical rotation tillage. In order to systematically evaluate the effects of deep smash ridging on soil aggregates and distribution of organic carbon(C) in them, the effects of smash ridging in the rice and sugarcane fields on the proportion of soil aggregates, organic C in soil aggregates and aggregate organic carbon contribution rate were analyzed in the red soil region in the subtropical zone of south China, a birthplace of smash ridging. The smash ridging promoted the formation of mechanical microaggregates in the clay red soil of farmland, and increased the proportion of mechanical microaggregates in the paddy soil. Smash ridging improved the stability and erosion-resistance of water-stable aggregates in the clay red soil and increased the percentage of aggregate disruption in the topsoil of paddy fields. The smash ridging with deep rotary tillage decreased the proportions of water-stable small and medium size aggregates and microaggregates and increased those of water-stable macroaggregates by 24.3% in the topsoil of dry land. While it was not conducive to the formation of water-stable macroaggregates in the paddy field. The smash ridging with deep rotary tillage effectively increased the content of total soil organic C(SOC) in the dry land, but was not conducive to the accumulation of SOC in the paddy field. The contribution percentage of organic C of mechanical macroaggregates in SOC of paddy field was decreased and that of mechanical microaggregates was increased by smash ridging with deep rotary tillage. The smash ridging with deep rotary tillage increased the contribution percentage of organic C of water-stable macroaggregates and microaggregates in total SOC of dry land, but reduced the contribution percentage of organic C of water-stable macroaggregates in total SOC of paddy field by 32.6%. In addition, the correlations between soil aggregate proportion, contribution percentage of organic C of aggregate in total SOC and aggregate stability indices were decrea

关 键 词：粉垄耕作 耕层土壤 土壤团聚体 团聚体有机碳贡献率 水旱农田 

分 类 号：S152.3[农业科学—土壤学]