长春市不同绿地类型土壤重金属含量及其污染评价  

Contents and Assessment of Soil Heavy Metal Pollution in Different Types of Green Space in Changchun

作　　者：杨义波[1] 谢修鸿[1] 翁俊维[1] YANG Yi-bo;XIE Xiu-hong;WENG Jun-wei(Chargchun University,Changchun 130022,China)

机构地区：[1]长春大学,吉林长春130022

出　　处：《土壤通报》2020年第6期1454-1460,共7页Chinese Journal of Soil Science

基　　金：长春市园林局重点支持项目(2018JBH27L19)资助。

摘　　要：为了解长春市不同绿地类型土壤重金属含量与污染特征,选择公园绿地、广场绿地、道路绿地、学校绿地、工厂绿地和庭院绿地六种绿地类型,采集表层0~30 cm土壤共155个样品,测定重金属Cr、Pb、Cu、Zn、Cd、As和Hg含量并分析其统计特征,利用内梅罗指数法和潜在生态风险指数(RI)法进行污染评价。结果表明:Cr、Pb、As和Hg含量的平均值低于长春市土壤背景值,Cu、Cd、Zn含量平均值分别为长春市土壤背景值的2.84倍、2.56倍和1.19倍。土壤各重金属含量在不同绿地类型之间具有显著差异,Cu、Zn、Cr、As、Cd、Hg元素含量之间成显著正相关。按内梅罗指数法评价,公园绿地、学校绿地和庭院绿地土壤属于轻度污染,广场绿地、道路绿地和工厂绿地土壤属于中度污染,Cu和Cd为主要污染物;按潜在生态风险指数法评价,道路绿地生态风险指数(RI)为156.71,属于中等污染水平,其它绿地类型属于轻微污染水平,工厂绿地和道路绿地土壤Cd含量处于强生态风险程度。In order to reveal the contents and characteristics of soil heavy metal pollution in the different types of green spaces in Changchun, six kinds of green space in Changchun city(park green space, square green space, road green space, school green space, factory green space and courtyard green space) were taken as research subjects.Soil samples were collected from 0-30 cm depth of 155 sites, and the contents of heavy metals(Cr, Pb, Cu, Zn,Cd, As, and Hg) were measured. The risks of heavy metals were evaluated with the methods of Nemerow integrated pollution index(P) and potential ecological risk index(RI). The results showed the average contents of Cr, Pb, As and Hg were lower than their background values in Changchun city, while the average contents of Cu,Cd and Zn were 2.84, 2.56 and 1.19 times of the background values in Changchun city respectively. The contents of soil heavy metals were changed obviously among different types of green space. The correlation between Cu and Zn, Cr, As, and that between Zn and Cd, Hg and Cr were significant. The soil heavy metal pollution in the green space of park, school and courtyard was at a light pollution level and that in the green spaces of square, road and factory was a medium pollution level, Cu and Cd were major pollutants of soil. The RI of road green space was156.71, which belonged to medium ecological risk, and other types of green space belonged to slight on risk, while the contents of Cd in the green space of roads and factories were at strong ecological risks.

关 键 词：长春 绿地类型 土壤重金属 含量 评价 

分 类 号：X825[环境科学与工程—环境工程]