MicroRNA参与调控植物抗逆的现状及展望  

Present Situation and Prospect of Micro RNA Involved in the Regulation of Plant Stress Resistance

作　　者：赵孟良[1,2] 田闵玉 李莉[1] 任延靖 Zhao Mengliang;Tian Minyu;Li Li;Ren Yanjing(Key Laboratory of Vegetable Genetics and Physiology,Qinghai University,Academy of Agriculture and Forestry,Xining,810016;State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture,Qinghai University,Xining,810016)

机构地区：[1]青海大学农林科学院,青海省蔬菜遗传与生理重点实验室,西宁810016 [2]青海大学,三江源生态和高原农牧业国家重点实验室,西宁810016

出　　处：《基因组学与应用生物学》2020年第11期5255-5262,共8页Genomics and Applied Biology

基　　金：青海省蔬菜遗传与生理重点实验室项目(2017-ZJ-Y18);青海省科技厅青年基金项目(2019-ZJ-979Q);青海省农林科学院创新基金项目(2018-NKY-006,2018-NKY-008)共同资助。

摘　　要：MicroRNA(或miRNA)是位于基因组非编码区的内源性大小为21~25个核苷酸的小分子单链RNA,在植物新陈代谢、器官发育、生殖生长以及响应各种生物和非生物逆境胁迫中起重要调节作用。据统计,逆境胁迫对作物的影响会造成每年世界范围内巨大的经济损失,而作物的生产能力会受到干旱、土壤盐碱化、低温、营养胁迫和重金属胁迫等多种非生物胁迫及各种生物胁迫的严重制约。因此,如何提高植物对各种逆境胁迫的抵抗性对于提高农业生产水平尤为重要。近年来,一些科研工作者致力于研究miRNA与植物抗逆的联系并取得了一些进展,本研究综述了植物中参与生物胁迫与非生物胁迫的miRNA及其作用机制的研究进展,并对今后miRNA的应用领域及研究方向进行了展望,以期为miRNA参与调控植物抗逆的研究提供一定的参考。MicroRNA(or miRNA)is a small-molecule single-stranded RNA of the endogenous size of 21~25 nucleotides in the non-coding region of the genome,and plays an important role in various metabolism,organ development,reproductive growth and response to various biological and abiotic stress.According to statistics,the influence of adversity stress on the crops will cause huge economic losses in the world every year,and the production capacity of the crops will be severely restricted by various abiotic stress,such as drought,soil salinization,low temperature,nutrition stress and heavy metal stress,and various biological stress.Therefore,how to improve the resistance of the plant to the stress of various adversity is especially important to the improvement of the agricultural production level.In recent years,some researchers have been working to study the relationship between miRNAs and plant stress,and some progress has been made.The research progress of miRNAs involved in biological stress and non-biological stress in plants and its mechanism of action is reviewed in this paper,and the application field and research direction of miRNAs are also prospected.The aim of this paper is to provide some reference for the study of miRNAs’participation in the regulation and control of plant stress resistance.

关 键 词：MICRORNA 调控 植物 逆境胁迫 

分 类 号：Q943.2[生物学—植物学]