论新闻报道中的误导性行为  

On Misleading Behaviors in News Report

作　　者：甘莅豪[1] GAN Li-hao

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学传播学院,上海200241

出　　处：《华东师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2021年第2期93-103,178,共12页Journal of East China Normal University（Humanities and Social Sciences）

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“网络空间社会治理语言问题研究”(项目编号:20&ZD299);教育部哲学社会科学研究后期资助项目“公共危机责任政府道歉行为的话语修辞研究”(项目编号:20JHQ096)。

摘　　要：随着互联网和社交媒体的迅速发展,新闻行业长期存在一种试图逃脱行业谴责和法律惩罚的报道方式—误导性报道,即在新闻传播过程中,报道者能够正确了解新闻事实,但在主观上不真诚地利用真实陈述引导接受者对新闻事实进行错误理解的报道行为。这种报道利用人际交往中“码本失衡”原理,可以在遵循“报道事实”新闻行为准则的前提下,进行信息操控,吸引读者、说服读者,甚至误导读者。基于格莱斯“会话合作原则”视角,误导性报道呈现为三种类型:违背数量准则型,违背关联准则型,违背方式准则型。“真实性”一直被认为是现代新闻业最本质的特征,而“误导性报道”表明“真诚性”亦应是考量新闻专业主义不可或缺的重要因素。With the rapid development of the Internet and social media,the news industry has always witnessed a type of misleading reports that try to escape the condemnation of the industry and legal punishment.In a“misleading report”,the reporter can correctly understand the objective facts,but consciously uses the true statement in an insincere way to guide the recipient to misunderstand the objective facts in the process of news communication.Making use of the“codebook imbalance”principle in interpersonal communication,this kind of report conducts information manipulation so as to attract readers,persuade readers,and even mislead readers on the premise of not violating the news truth principle.According to Greis’perspective of cooperative principle,misleading reports can be divided into three categories,that is,violating quantitative principle,violating relevance principle,and violating method principle.“Truth”has always been regarded as the most essential feature of modern journalism,but“misleading reports”show that“sincerity”shall also be an indispensable factor in considering journalistic professionalism.

关 键 词：新闻报道 误导性行为 合作原则 真实性原则 后真相 

分 类 号：G212[文化科学—新闻学]