麻纤维厌氧生物脱胶系统的脱胶特性研究  

Characteristics of an Anaerobic Biological Degumming System for Bast Fibers

作　　者：童艺翾 李毓陵[1,2] 马颜雪 崔运花[2] 刘芳[4] 任泺彤 陈小光[3,4] TNG Yixuan;LI Yuling;MA Yanxue;CUI Yunhua;LIU Fang;REN Luotong;CHEN Xiaoguang(Key Laboratory of Textile Science&Techmology of Ministry of Education,Donghua University,Shanghai 201620,China;College of Textiles,Donghua University,Shanghai 201620,China;State Environmental Protection Engineering Center for Polution Treatment and Control in Textile Industry,Donghua University,Shanghai 201620,China;College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Donghua University,Shanghai 201620,China)

机构地区：[1]东华大学纺织面料技术教育部重点实验室,上海201620 [2]东华大学纺织学院,上海201620 [3]东华大学国家环境保护纺织工业污染防治工程技术中心,上海201620 [4]东华大学环境科学与工程学院,上海201620

出　　处：《中国麻业科学》2021年第1期26-31,38,共7页Plant Fiber Sciences in China

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项(2232020G-01);上海市浦江人才计划(2020PJD001)。

摘　　要：基于具有自主知识产权的麻纤维厌氧生物脱胶系统,对苎麻、剑麻、大麻和棕榈麻进行厌氧脱胶处理。结果表明:该系统运行过程中pH值稳定在7.2左右,化学需氧量(COD)在327 mg/L以下,氨氮质量浓度在5.2 mg/L以下,能实现近零排放;试验参数条件下苎麻脱胶效果优于剑麻、大麻和棕榈麻:苎麻纤维残胶率可达1.32%(低于化学脱胶),剑麻、大麻和棕榈麻残胶率分别为16.03%、20.13%、35.49%;各纤维强力指标能够达到传统化学脱胶法水平,其中苎麻的各项指标满足《苎麻精干麻》(GB/T 20793-2015)的一等水平。Based on an anaerobic biological degumming system for bast fibers with independent intellectual property rights,ramie,sisal,hemp and palm were treated with the system to evaluate the degumming effects.The results showed that the pH value was stable at about 7.2 during the operation of the system,the COD(chemical oxygen demand)was below 327 mg/L,and the mass concentration of ammonia nitrogen was below 5.2 mg/L.The degumming system could achieve nearly zero emissions.Under the existing parameter conditions,the degumming effect of ramie was better than that of sisal,hemp and palm fiber:the residual glue rate of ramie fiber could reach 1.32%(lower than that of chemical degumming),and the residual glue rate of sisal,hemp and palm fiber was 16.03%,20.13%and 35.49%,respectively.Strength indexes could reach the level of the traditional chemical degumming method,among which the indexes of ramie meet the first-class level of"Degummed Ramie Fiber"(GB/T 20793-2015).

关 键 词：麻纤维 厌氧生物脱胶 化学需氧量 残胶率 力学性能 

分 类 号：S563[农业科学—作物学]