激光焊接工艺对304不锈钢薄板搭接接头组织性能的影响  

Effect of Laser Welding Process on Microstructure and Properties of 304 Stainless Steel Sheet Lap Joint

作　　者：王浩军[1] 张兵宪[1] 李静 张云龙 张敏[2] WANG Haojun;ZHANG Bingxian;LI Jing;ZHANG Yunlong;ZHANG Min(AVIC Xi'an Aviation Industry Group Corporation Limited,Xi'an 710089,China;School of Materials Science and Engineering,Xi'an University of Technology,Xi'an 710048,China)

机构地区：[1]航空工业西安飞机工业(集团)有限责任公司,陕西西安710089 [2]西安理工大学材料科学与工程学院,陕西西安710048

出　　处：《热加工工艺》2021年第1期30-34,39,共6页Hot Working Technology

摘　　要：采用三因素三水平的正交试验对0.8 mm厚304不锈钢板进行了激光搭接焊,系统地研究了焊接速度、焊接功率、离焦量对焊接接头组织性能的影响。结果表明,以剪切载荷为标准时,焊接速度对薄板激光焊的影响最大,焊接功率次之,离焦量最小。焊缝中心由等轴的奥氏体基体和部分树枝状的δ铁素体组成,在焊缝边缘处存在细小的柱状树枝晶区域,减少焊接功率或者焊接速度可使柱状树枝晶区域的宽度增大。从母材到焊缝中心,显微硬度呈现出先增大后减小的趋势,采用负离焦量、低焊接功率、高焊接速度的焊接条件时,焊接接头的硬度较高。The laser lap welding of 0.8mm thick 304 stainless sheet steel was carried out by an orthogonal experiment with three factors and three levels.The effects of welding speed,welding power and defocusing distance on the microstructure and properties of the welded joints were systematically studied.The results show that when the shear load is used as the standard,the welding speed has the greatest influence on the laser welding of the sheet,the welding power is the second,and the defocusing distance is the third.The center of weld is composed of equiaxed austenitic matrix and a part of dendriticδferrite,and there are fine columnar dendritic region at the edge of the weld,the width of the columnar dendritic region increase as the welding power or welding speed decreases.From the base metal to the center of the weld,the microhardness tends to increase first and then decrease.When the welding condition of negative defocusing amount,low welding power and high welding speed is adopted,the hardness of the welded joint is higher.

关 键 词：304不锈钢 激光焊接 显微组织 显微硬度 

分 类 号：TG456.7[金属学及工艺—焊接]