氯苯处理下小麦幼根生理学指标的变化及活性炭对氯苯毒性缓解作用的研究  

The changes of physiological index of the roots of seedlings and the protective role of activated carbon under chlorobenzene stress

作　　者：冯汉青[1] 王娟娟[1] 杜变变 庞海龙[1] 孙坤[1] FENG Han-qing;WANG Juan-juan;DU Bian-bian;PANG Hai-long;SUN Kun(College of Life Sciences,Northwest Normal University,Lanzhou 730070,Gansu,China)

机构地区：[1]西北师范大学生命科学学院,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《西北师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2021年第2期72-78,共7页Journal of Northwest Normal University(Natural Science)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(31870246);甘肃省重点研发计划资助项目(18YF/NA051);甘肃省高等学校科研项目(2015-007)。

摘　　要：以小麦幼根为材料,研究了不同浓度氯苯(1%,2%,3%,4%,5%)对小麦幼根生理学指标的影响及活性炭对小麦幼根的保护作用.结果显示,氯苯造成了小麦幼根生物量(根长、鲜重和干重)的下降,同时升高了小麦幼根细胞死亡水平、可溶性蛋白含量、丙二醛含量、活性氧含量以及抗氧化酶活性.表明氯苯对小麦幼根造成生长抑制,增加了氧化压力.选择5%氯苯进一步实验,结果表明,在氯苯处理下添加活性炭能够显著缓解由氯苯对小麦造成的抑制,使得小麦幼根长度、鲜重及干重增加了1.5倍(P<0.01),1.39倍(P<0.05)和1.58倍(P<0.01),也使可溶性蛋白含量显著下降(P<0.01),导致细胞死亡下降了3.2%(P<0.05)、丙二醛含量降低了37%、过氧化氢含量降低了38%、超氧阴离子产生速率降低了37%.同时使得小麦幼根SOD,POD酶活性显著性(P<0.01)降低了33%,41%,CAT降低了9.8%.另外相比于对照,单独添加活性炭促进了小麦幼根生长,降低了幼根细胞死亡水平,但对其他指标无显著影响.上述结果说明氯苯对小麦幼根产生不利影响,活性炭在一定程度对受氯苯影响的小麦幼根起缓解作用.The present work revealed the changes of physiological index of the roots of wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)seedlings and the protective role of activated carbon under different concentrations of chlorobenzene(1%,2%,3%,4%,5%)stress.The result showed,under the chlorobenzene stress,the biomass(root length,fresh and dry weight)of the roots of wheat seedling decreased,while the cell death level,soluble protein content,malondialdehyde(MDA)content,reactive oxygen species(ROS)content and antioxidant enzymes of the roots of wheat seedling increased.These means chlorobenzene causes the growth inhibition and increases the oxidative pressure on the roots of wheat seedlings.When the roots of wheat seedlings are subjected to 5%chlorobenzene stress,the experiment results showed that the application of activated carbon under chlorobenzene treatment can significantly alleviate the inhibition of chlorobenzene on the roots of wheat seedling:the root length,fresh weight and dry weight of the roots of wheat significantly increased by 1.5 times(P<0.01),1.39 times(P<0.05)and 1.58 times(P<0.01),and the soluble protein content decreased significantly(P<0.01).Cell death was decreaced by 13.2%(P<0.05),malondialdehyde content decreaced by 37%,hydrogen peroxide content decreaced by 38%,and superoxide anion production rate decreaced by 37%.At the same time,the activities of SOD and POD in the roots of wheat seedling decreased by 33%and 41%(P<0.01),and CAT decreased by 9.8%.Compared with control,alone application of activated carbon promoted roots growth and decreased cells death,but had no effects on other physiological indexes.These results indicate that application of activated carbon can alleviate chlorobenzene stress to the roots of wheat seedling.

关 键 词：小麦 幼根 活性碳 氯苯 

分 类 号：Q945.3[生物学—植物学]