脂肪伯醇脱氢氨化一步合成腈的普适性方法  

One Universal One-Step Nitriles Synthesis Method by Fatty Primary Alcohols Dehydrogenation-Amination

作　　者：金书含 胡云峰[2] 辛颖 高果柱 李晶 JIN Shuhan;HU Yunfeng;XIN Ying;GAO Guozhu;LI Jing(Petro China Daqing Chemical Engineering Research Center,Heilongjiang 163000;College of Chemical Engineering of Northeast Petroleum University,Heilongjiang 163000;PetroChina Daqing Refining&Chemical Company,Daqing,Heilongjiang 163000)

机构地区：[1]中国石油大庆化工研究中心,黑龙江大庆163000 [2]东北石油大学化工学院,黑龙江大庆163000 [3]中国石油大庆炼化公司,黑龙江大庆163000

出　　处：《精细石油化工进展》2020年第6期38-41,共4页Advances in Fine Petrochemicals

摘　　要：将脂肪伯醇脱氢氨化一步合成相应腈应用于十二醇的制备,采用红外、色谱和色质联用对反应产物进行了定性定量分析。研究了反应温度、氨醇配比和原料空速对反应的影响,并探讨了其他不同碳链长度及带有官能团的脂肪伯醇一步合成相应腈的反应情况。结果表明脂肪伯醇脱氢氨化一步合成腈是一种具有普适性的方法,其中醇的转化率和腈的选择性相较于链烃长度会明显受到β取代基和双键的影响。Dodecanol was prepared with the method which is used to synthesize corresponding nitrile in an one-step fatty primary alcohol dehydrogenation-amination process, and qualitative and quantitative analysis was conducted for the reaction product with IR, chromatography, and GC-MS techniques. The effects of reaction temperature, molar ratio of ammonia to alcohol, and space velocity of feed on the reaction were studied, and other kinds of one-step reaction in which corresponding nitriles are synthesized with fatty primary alcohols of different carbon chain lengths and having functional groups are discussed. According to the results of study, one-step nitriles synthesis by fatty primary alcohols dehydrogenation-amination is a universal method of which both the conversion of alcohol and the selectivity of nitrile are much more affected by the length of β substituting groups and double bonds than by the length of chain hydrocarbons.

关 键 词：脂肪伯醇 脂肪腈 脱氢氨化 普适性 十二醇 

分 类 号：TQ226.61[化学工程—有机化工]