不同温度和处理对甜高粱茎秆贮存效果的影响  

Effects of Diverse Temperatures and Pretreatments on the Storage of Sweet Sorghum Stems

作　　者：王斐[1] 何振富[1] 陈平 贺春贵[1] WANG Fei;HE Zhenfu;CHEN Ping;HE Chungui(Animal Husbandry-Pasture and Green Agriculture Institute,Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省农业科学院畜草与绿色农业研究所,兰州730070

出　　处：《中国草食动物科学》2021年第2期27-32,共6页China Herbivore Science

基　　金：兰州市科技计划项目(2019-1-65);甘肃省现代农业科技支撑体系区域创新中心重点科技项目(2020GAAS05)。

摘　　要：为探明不同温度下(20℃,4℃,-20℃)预处理对甜高粱茎秆主要利用指标的影响,以甜高粱陇甜高1号品系为研究对象,采用物理消毒(紫外线照射,UV)、喷洒植物生长抑制剂(40%赤霉素,GAS)和防腐剂(脱氢醋酸钠,DHA-S)3种方法进行处理,测定并分析茎秆不同保存时间(0、30、60、90、120、150、180 d)的出汁率、糖锤度和失重率。结果表明:温度对失重率均影响显著(P<0.05),表现为常温和冷藏时失重率随保存时间的延长呈逐渐上升的趋势,在冷冻时则随时间的延长变化不明显;温度在中后期对甜高粱茎秆出汁率和糖锤度均有显著影响(P<0.05),表现为随着温度的降低,出汁率下降的趋势减缓,糖锤度逐渐降低。不同处理间,GAS和DHA-S能够减缓贮存过程中失重率的增加,使茎秆出汁率保持稳定,作用效果优于UV;同时,UV和DHA-S对糖锤度无明显影响,GAS在常温下能够增加糖锤度、但在冷藏和冷冻处理时表现为降低糖锤度。综合分析认为,为保证后续加工利用,添加防腐剂DHA-S并采用真空冷冻是贮存甜高粱茎秆的较好选择。This study aimed at the effects of different temperatures(20℃,4℃,-20℃)with diverse pretreatments on main utilization characters of sweet sorghum stems.As the research object,the strain Longtiangao 1 was preprocessed by physical disinfection(ultraviolet irradiation),the plant growth inhibitor(40%gibberellin,GAS),and the preservative(sodium dehydroacetate,DHA-S),and the weight-loss ratio,the juice extraction ratio,and the Brix of them were measured and analyzed for the most adapted storage method.The results showed as follows:the temperature had an significant influence(P<0.05)on the weight-loss ratio with an increasing trend at 20℃and 4℃and a period of stabilization at-20℃as the storage time increases;the temperature had a significant effect(P<0.05)both on the juice extraction ratio and the Brix in the middle and late research period with a slowing of the downward tendency of the former and a gradual decrease of the latter.Meanwhile,GAS and DHA-S have decelera-ted the increase of the weight-loss ratio and could keep the juice extraction ratio stable in the storage period with better performance than UV;simultaneously,UV and DHA-S had no clear impact on the Brix,as well as this index in the GAS group,had raised at 20℃but showed a downward trend at 4℃and-20℃.According to the comprehensive analysis,the most adapted option to store the sealed sorghum storage for subsequent processing and utilization is adding the preservative,DHA-S.

关 键 词：甜高粱 贮存 温度 紫外线 赤霉素 脱氢醋酸钠 

分 类 号：S816.9[农业科学—饲料科学]