2005-2019年贵州省伤寒副伤寒暴发疫情特征分析  

Analysis of outbreak characteristics of typhoid and paratyphoid fever in Guizhou,2005-2019

作　　者：胡灿[1] 姚光海[1] 黄艳萍[1] 黄荷[1] HU Can;YAO Guang-hai;HUANG Yan-ping;HUANG He(Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Guizhou,Guiyang,Guizhou 550004,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省疾病预防控制中心,贵州贵阳550004

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2021年第5期781-783,788,共4页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：中国疾病预防控制中心病毒病预防控制所国家科技重大专项课题(2018ZX10201002)。

摘　　要：目的分析贵州省2005-2019年伤寒副伤寒暴发疫情特征,为伤寒副伤寒防控提供参考。方法收集“突发公共卫生事件管理系统”资料及既往“疫情调查报告”,用描述性流行病学方法对贵州省2005-2019年伤寒副伤寒暴发疫情资料进行统计分析。结果全省2005-2019年共报告伤寒副伤寒暴发疫情23起,伤寒17起,甲型副伤寒6起,发病数911人,罹患率0.55%。疫情集中在4-10月,共16起,占69.56%。疫情分布在7个市(州),安顺市、毕节市、黔东南州有14起,占60.87%。0~20岁组和31~50岁组分别占36.99%和23.93%;农民和学生分别占39.19%和33.26%。水型传播15起,占65.22%。采集血样标本491份,血培养阳性率40.33%,采集大便标本37份,阳性率5.41%,外环境水标本334份,阳性率6.59%。结论贵州省伤寒副伤寒暴发疫情以水型暴发为主,学生和农民是主要受威胁人群。要加强重点地区、重点人群的风险管控工作,减少疫情波及范围。Objective To analyze the outbreak characteristics of typhoid and paratyphoid ever outbreaks in Guizhou province from 2005 to 2019,and to provide reference for the prevention and control of typhoid and paratyphoid.Methods The data of"Public Health Emergency Management System"and previous"Epidemic Investigation Reports"were collected.The descriptive epidemiology was used to analyze the epidemic information of typhoid and paratyphoid in Guizhou province from 2005 to 2019.Results A total of 23 cases were reported in Guizhou province from 2005 to 2019,including 17 typhoid ever outbreaks and 6 ever outbreaks.There were 911 cases reported,with the incidence rate of 0.55%.A total of 16 outbreaks mainly occurred between Apriland October,accounting for 69.56%.The epidemic had been spread in 7 cities,including 14 cases in Anshun City,Bijie City and Qiandongnan City,accounting for 60.87%.The age of 0-20 and 31-50 respectively accounted for 36.99%and 23.93%.Farmers and students accounted for 39.19%and 33.26%,respectively.There were 15 cases of waterborne transmission,accounting for 65.22%.491 blood samples were collected,and the positive rate of blood culture was 40.33%.37 stool specimens were tested,with a positive rate of 5.41%.And there were 334 water samples,with a positive rate of 6.59%.Conclusion The outbreaks of typhoid and in Guizhou province mainly water-source type,and students and farmers the main threatened groups.Risk management and control in key areas and populations should be strengthened in orderto reduce the spread of the epidemic.

关 键 词：伤寒副伤寒 暴发疫情 特征分析 描述性流行病学 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学] R516.3[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]