水生植被类型及淹没度对河道垂线流速分布影响试验研究  

Experimental Research on the Effects of Type and Submergence Degree of Aquatic Vegetation on the Vertical Flow Velocity Distributions of Rivers

作　　者：吴国英 张文皎 石家豪 武彩萍 WU Guo-ying;ZHANG Wen-jiao;SHI Jia-hao;WU Cai-ping(Key Laboratory of Yellow River Sediment Research,Yellow River Institute of Hydraulic Research,Zhengzhou 450003,China;North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power,Zhengzhou 450046,China)

机构地区：[1]黄河水利委员会黄河水利科学研究院水利部黄河泥沙重点实验室,郑州450003 [2]华北水利水电大学,郑州450046

出　　处：《中国农村水利水电》2021年第3期26-30,共5页China Rural Water and Hydropower

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项项目(HKY-JBYW-2017-15);国家自然科学基金项目(51709124);十三五国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC0405204,2018YFC040720203)。

摘　　要：采用钢筋刚性材料和弹簧柔性材料模拟了不同类型的水生植被,通过概化水槽物理试验研究了水生植被类型、水生植被淹没度对水生植被对于河流流速垂线分布的影响规律。试验结果表明:不同淹没度条件下刚性植被和柔性植被对河流流速垂线分布影响规律相似性较高,流速垂线分布均展现出分层现象;但不同水生植被材质条件流速垂线分布的分层节点不同,这是由不同材质的水生植被与水流间力学作用机制不同导致的。The rigid steel and flexible spring materials are used to model different types of aquatic vegetation.The effects of type and submergence of aquatic vegetation on the vertical flow velocity distributions of rivers are explored by using physical experiments.The results of physical experiments show that the vertical flow velocity distribution of rigid materials under different submergence degrees exhibits a similar trend as that of flexible ones.The vertical flow velocity distributions of both the rigid and flexible materials exhibit stratification phenomena.The critical values of the stratification phenomena for the different types of aquatic vegetation are different.This is due to the different mechanical interaction mechanisms between the aquatic vegetation and the water flow for the different types of aquatic vegetation.

关 键 词：水生植被 淹没度 河流流速 垂线分布 刚柔性材质 

分 类 号：TV131.4[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]