长牡蛎“海大2号”四倍体的人工诱导  

ARTIFICIAL INTRODUCTION OF TETRAPLOID OF THE NEW VARIETY OF“HAIDA No.2”,CRASSOSTREA GIGAS

作　　者：李永国 李琪[1,2] 于瑞海 LI Yong-Guo;LI Qi;YU Rui-Hai(The Key Laboratory of Mariculture,Ministry of Education,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266003,China;Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes,Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology,Qingdao 266237,China)

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学海水养殖教育部重点实验室,青岛266003 [2]青岛海洋科学与技术国家实验室,海洋渔业科学与食物产出过程功能实验室,青岛266237

出　　处：《水生生物学报》2021年第2期360-365,共6页Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica

基　　金：山东省农业良种工程项目(2017LZGC009);威海市科技发展计划(2018NS01);泰山学者种业计划专家项目资助。

摘　　要：为筛选适宜的四倍体诱导条件,研究了细胞松弛素B(CB)浓度(0.3、0.5、0.7和0.9 mg/L)、起始诱导时间(5、10和15min)、诱导持续时间(10、15、20和25min)及三者的交互作用对长牡蛎“海大2号”四倍体诱导率(四倍体率)和D形幼虫率的影响,并对诱导处理组获得的幼贝倍性进行检测分析,进一步验证了研究诱导方法获得可存活长牡蛎“海大2号”四倍体幼贝的可行性。结果表明,CB浓度和起始诱导时间对长牡蛎“海大2号”四倍体率有显著影响(P<0.05),而诱导持续时间对四倍体率影响不显著(P>0.05),但是三者的交互作用对四倍体率有显著影响(P<0.05)。在CB浓度为0.5 mg/L、起始诱导时间为15min及诱导持续时间为20min时,四倍体率有最大值为37.82%。CB浓度、起始诱导时间和诱导持续时间均对D形幼虫率有显著影响(P<0.05),但是三者的交互作用对D形幼虫率没有显著影响(P>0.05)。增加CB浓度或延长诱导持续时间,D形幼虫率均呈降低的趋势;起始诱导时间为5min时,D形幼虫率显著高于其他起始诱导时间。获得幼贝的两个诱导处理组的倍性检测结果显示,长牡蛎“海大2号”四倍体率分别为2.22%和3.03%,与幼虫期相比四倍体率显著下降。通过对CB浓度、起始诱导时间及诱导持续时间进行优化,可以筛选出适宜的长牡蛎“海大2号”四倍体诱导条件。研究结果为长牡蛎“海大2号”四倍体培育提供了重要的参考资料。In order to obtain suitable conditions for tetraploid induction of Crassostrea gigas“Haida No.2”,the effects of cytochalasin B(CB)concentration,initial induction time and induction duration on tetraploid rate and D larvae rate were estimated.The ploidy of induced spat was tested to verify the effectiveness of the induction method.The result showed that the linear effects of CB concentration and initial induction time on tetraploid rate were significantly(P<0.05),but induction duration had no significant effect on tetraploid rate(P>0.05).The interactive effect of CB concentration,initial induction time and induction duration influenced tetraploid rate significantly(P<0.05).The linear effects of CB concentration,initial induction time and induction duration on D larvae rate were significant(P<0.05),but the interactive effect of CB concentration,initial induction time and induction duration had no significant effect on D larvae rate(P>0.05).The maximum point of tetraploid rate was found at CB concentration of 0.5 mg/L,initial induction time of 15min and induction duration of 20min.Under these conditions,the tetraploid rate reached to(37.82±4.75)%.On day 180,tetraploid spat of C.gigas“Haida No.2”existed in two of the treatment groups,and the tetraploid rates were 2.22% and 3.03%,respectively.

关 键 词：长牡蛎 “海大2号” 细胞松弛素B 四倍体率 D形幼虫率 

分 类 号：S968.3[农业科学—水产养殖]