基于等流量法缩减空间策略的水电站调度方法  

Operation method of hydropower stations based on search space reduction strategy using equal flow regulation method

作　　者：黄成剑 解阳阳 刘赛艳 卞吉莉 HUANG Chengjian;XIE Yangyang;LIU Saiyan;BIAN Jili(College of Hydraulic Science and Engineering,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou,Jiangsu 225009)

机构地区：[1]扬州大学水利科学与工程学院,江苏扬州225009

出　　处：《水力发电学报》2021年第3期84-95,共12页Journal of Hydroelectric Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52009116);中国博士后科学基金(2018M642338);江苏省自然科学基金(BK20200958)。

摘　　要：采用合理的调度方法可有效提高水电站发电效益。模拟方法容易获取可行解,但不能提供最优解;优化方法能够求得最优解,但往往因搜索空间过大而求解不理想。本文考虑两者特点,提出基于等流量法缩减空间策略的水电站调度方法,即利用等流量法模拟调度过程,缩减搜索空间,在缩减空间内利用优化方法求解模型。实例研究表明:该方法适合群智能算法求解水电站调度模型;在相同群智能算法和水电站调度模型下,缩减搜索空间后,多年平均发电量、保证出力提升显著,多年平均弃水量明显减少。此外,群智能算法在缩减空间内的收敛速度更快,标准差更小。因此,该方法能够有效提高群智能算法求解的优化程度、收敛速度和稳定性,可为水电站调度提供重要参考。Reasonable operation methods help improve the power generation profits of hydropower stations. Generally, numerical simulation methods can obtain feasible solutions easily, but often have difficulty in finding out the optimal solutions. By contrast, an optimization method could obtain optimal solutions, but its given search space is often too large, thereby making the solutions unsatisfactory. Considering the characteristics of the methods of these two types, this study develops a new optimal operation method of hydropower stations based on search space reduction strategy using the equal flow regulation method. In this new method, equal flow regulation is adopted to numerically simulate the operation process, and the search space is reduced according to the process simulated. Then, in this reduced space, the operation model of hydropower stations is solved using an optimization method. A case study shows that this search space reduction method is suitable for applying the swarm intelligence algorithm to solve the operation model of hydropower stations. Under the same swarm intelligence algorithm and the same operation model of a hydropower station, it can increase the annual average power yields and firm power outputs significantly and reduce the annual average volume of waste water significantly. And in the reduced search space, the swarm intelligence algorithm converges much faster, and the standard deviations are much smaller. Thus, our new method proves effective in improving the optimization degree, convergence speed, and solution stability of swarm intelligence algorithms, very useful for the optimal operations of hydropower stations.

关 键 词：水电站调度 搜索空间 等流量法 遗传算法 布谷鸟算法 

分 类 号：TV697[水利工程—水利水电工程]