两性离子双子表面活性剂的合成与性能  

Synthesis and properties of a zwitterionic Gemini surfactant

作　　者：曹玉朋 杨伟光 姜亚洁[1] 王亚魁[1] 鞠洪斌[1] 耿涛[1] CAO Yupeng;YANG Weiguang;JIANG Yajie;WANG Yakui;JU Hongbin;GENG Tao(China Research Institute of Daily Chemical Industry,Taiyuan 030001,Shanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]中国日用化学工业研究院,山西太原030001

出　　处：《精细化工》2021年第2期335-340,共6页Fine Chemicals

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助(2017YFB0308900);伽蓝研究基金资助(JALA 2018)。

摘　　要：以十二烷基二甲基叔胺、1,3-二氯-2-丙醇和氯磺酸为原料合成了一种连接基团上接有硫酸酯基的两性离子双子表面活性剂(GS-S)。产物结构经红外光谱和核磁共振氢谱进行确证,并对其表面张力、润湿性、油水界面张力、耐盐性、泡沫性和乳化性等性质进行了测试。结果表明,与结构相似的阳离子双子表面活性剂(GS-O)相比,合成的GS-S具有较高的表面活性、良好的乳化能力和泡沫性能,临界胶束浓度(CMC)仅为2.3×10^(-4)mol/L,临界表面张力(γCMC)为28.43m N/m;当GS-S浓度为1×10^(-4)mol/L时,可将油水界面张力降至低界面张力(1.11×10^(-2)m N/m);可改变水在石蜡膜上的润湿状态,当GS-S浓度为1×10^(-3)mol/L时,接触角从110°左右(去离子水在石蜡膜上的接触角)降至约64°;另外,其还具有良好的耐盐性(NaCl质量浓度<35 g/L时不析出)。A zwitterionic Gemini surfactant(GS-S)with sulfate group on the spacer group was prepared from dodecyl dimethyl tertiary amine,1,3-dichloro-2-propanol and chlorosulfonic acid.The structure of the product was confirmed by infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance hydrogen spectroscopy.And the surface tension,wettability,oil-water interfacial tension,salt tolerance,foamability and emulsification were tested.The results showed that compared with cationic Gemini surfactant(GS-O)with similar structure,GS-S had higher surface activity,good emulsifying ability and foaming performance.The critical micelle concentration(CMC)value of GS-S was only 2.3×10^(-4)mol/L,and the critical surface tension(γCMC)value was 28.43 m N/m.GS-S could reduce the oil-water interfacial tension to low interfacial tension(1.11×10^(-2)mN/m)when the concentration of GS-S was 1.0×10^(-4)mol/L.Moreover,GS-S could change the wetting state of water on the paraffin film,the contact angle was reduced from about 110°(contact angle of deionized water on paraffin film)to about 64°when the concentration of GS-S was 1.0×10^(-3)mol/L.It exhibited excellent salt resistance(it didn’t precipitate when the NaCl mass concentration was lower than 35 g/L).

关 键 词：两性离子双子表面活性剂 硫酸酯基 表面活性 稳定性 泡沫性能 表面活性剂 

分 类 号：TQ423.3[化学工程]