住院患者跌倒不良事件的临床特征研究  

Clinical characteristics of falls in inpatients:A retrospective study

作　　者：林嘉琪 吴桂丽[2] 魏睿宏[2] 周玉华[3] 黄嘉佳[3] LIN Jiaqi;WU Guili;WEI Ruihong;ZHOU Yuhua;HUANG Jiajia(Nursing Faculty, Guangdong Jiangmen Chinese Medical College, Jiangmen 529000,China;Nursing Department, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041,China;Nursing Department, Shantou Central Hospital / Affiliated Shantou Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shantou 515000,China)

机构地区：[1]广东江门中医药职业学院护理临床学院,广东江门529000 [2]汕头大学医学院第二附属医院护理部,广东汕头515041 [3]汕头市中心医院(中山大学附属汕头医院)护理部,广东汕头515000

出　　处：《医药高职教育与现代护理》2021年第2期121-126,共6页Medical Higher Vocational Education and Modern Nursing

基　　金：广东省护理学会护理科研项目(gdhlxueh2019zx056)。

摘　　要：目的调查分析住院患者跌倒不良事件的临床特征,为预防院内跌倒不良事件的发生提供依据。方法对2017年1月至2018年12月汕头大学医学院第二附属医院及汕头市中心医院上报的110例跌倒不良事件进行回顾性研究分析。结果住院患者跌倒以老年人为主(70.91%),多数发生在夜间,发生跌倒呈现三个高峰时间段,分别为3:00-5:00、6:00-8:00和20:00-22:00。跌倒在病床边的发生率最高,其次为病房卫生间。常见的前三个原因是病情变化、自行离床、体位改变。跌倒的患者疾病种类构成前三位的分别为神经系统疾病、泌尿系统疾病、呼吸系统疾病。ADL评估61~99分(轻度依赖)的患者发生跌倒最多,Morse跌倒风险评估25~45分(中度危险)的患者发生跌倒最多。结论临床护士应关注影响住院患者跌倒的多种因素,充分评估每例患者,并根据患者具体情况制定个性化、动态调整的预防措施,从而减少住院患者跌倒及伤害的发生。Objective The aim of this study is to investigate the clinical features of falls in inpatients and provide evidence for the prevention.Methods A retrospective study was conducted on 110 cases of fall reported by two hospitals in Shantou from 2017 to 2018.Results Falls mainly occurred in the elderly(70.91%),most of which occurred at night.And the occurrence of falls showed three peak periods including 3:00-5:00,6:00-8:00 and 20:00-22:00,respectively.Most of falls took place at the bedside,followed by the ward bathroom.The first three common causes of falls were disease change,self-leaving bed,and body position change.The top three diseases of the falls were nervous system disease,urinary system disease and respiratory system disease.The most inpatients with an ADL Assessment of 61 to 99(mild dependence)experienced falls.The patients with the score of Morse Fall Scale ranging from 25 to 45(medium risk)fell the most.Conclusions Clinical nurses should pay attention to various factors affecting inpatient falls,formulate personalized and dynamically adjusted preventive measures according to the specific situation of the patient,so as to reduce the occurrence of inpatient falls and injuries.

关 键 词：住院患者 跌倒 不良事件 回顾性研究 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学]