杂交鲟幼鱼饲料中有效磷需要量的研究  

Studies on dietary available phosphorus requirement of juvenile hybrid sturgeon(Acipenser baerii♀×A.schrenckii♂)

作　　者：周文博 褚志鹏[2] 李罗新[2,3] 刘伟 陈细华[2] 柴毅[1] 洪宇聪[3] 孙凯辉 ZHOU Wen-bo;CHU Zhi-peng;LI Luo-xin;LIU Wei;CHEN Xi-hua;CHAI Yi;HONG Yu-cong;SUN Kai-hui(School of Animal Science,Yangtze University,Jingzhou 434025,Hubei,China;Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Wuhan,430223,China;Guangdong Yuequn Marine Organism Research and Development Limited Company,JieYang,522000,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]长江大学动物科学学院,湖北荆州434025 [2]中国水产科学研究院长江水产研究所,武汉430223 [3]广东越群海洋生物研究开发有限公司,广东揭阳522000

出　　处：《淡水渔业》2021年第2期63-71,共9页Freshwater Fisheries

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系专项资金(CARS-46)。

摘　　要：为研究杂交鲟(Acipenser baerii♀×Acipenser schrenckii♂)幼鱼对饲料中有效磷的需要量,实验以磷酸二氢钙为磷源,配制了有效磷水平分别为0.37%(对照组)、0.65%、0.96%、1.22%和1.48%的5组等氮等能饲料。每组饲料设置3个重复,每个重复22尾鱼,饲喂初重(10.06±0.39)g杂交鲟幼鱼8周。结果显示:(1)饲料中不同有效磷水平对实验鱼的成活率、肝体比、脏体比和肥满度均无显著影响。随饲料有效磷水平增加,实验鱼的增重率和特定生长率呈先升高后趋于平稳的趋势,0.96%、1.22%和1.48%组增重率和特定生长率均显著高于0.37%组和0.65%组;全鱼粗脂肪含量呈降低趋势;饲料效率和蛋白质效率均呈先升高后降低的趋势。(2)不同有效磷水平饲料对全鱼水分、粗蛋白和肌肉水分、粗蛋白、粗脂肪、粗灰分、磷含量均无显著影响。0.96%、1.22%和1.48%组全鱼粗灰分、磷含量和脊椎粗灰分、磷含量均显著高于0.37%组和0.65%组。(3)随饲料有效磷水平增加,实验鱼血清磷含量和碱性磷酸酶活性均呈先升高后趋于平稳的趋势。0.96%、1.22%和1.48%组血清磷含量显著高于0.37%组和0.65%组,对照组的碱性磷酸酶活性显著低于其他组。(4)分别利用折线模型拟合分析实验鱼的增重率、全鱼磷含量和脊椎磷含量与饲料有效磷水平的相关性,得到饲料中适宜有效磷需要量分别为0.93%、1.02%和0.95%。综上所述,建议杂交鲟幼鱼饲料中有效磷添加水平为0.93%~1.02%为最佳。To study the optimal dietary available phosphorus requirement of hybrid sturgeon(A.baerii×A.schrenckii),a total of 330 hybrid sturgeon juveniles with an average initial body weight of(10.06±0.39)g were randomly divided into 5 groups with 3 replicates per group and 22 hybrid sturgeon juveniles per replicate,which were fed with five isonitrogenous and isoenergetic experimental diets containing different available phosphorus(AP)levels(0.37%(control group),0.65%,0.96%,1.22%,1.48%)with monocalcium phosphate used as dietary phosphorus source.Fish were reared for 8 weeks.The results showed that dietary AP levels had no significant effect on survival rate(SR),viscerasomatic index(VSI),hepatosomatic index(HSI)and condition factor(CF)of hybrid sturgeon.As dietary AP levels increasing,the weight gain rate(WGR)and specific growth rate(SGR)were significantly increased at first and then stabilized,fish which fed on 0.96%,1.22%and 1.48%dietary AP levels had significantly higher WGR and SGR than that fed on 0.37%and 0.65%dietary AP levels.However,whole-body crude fat content decreased significantly while dietary AP levels were increasing.Besides,feed efficient(FE)and protein efficiency ratio(PER)were significantly increased at first and then decreased with dietary AP levels increasing.Different dietary AP levels had no significant effect on moisture and crude protein in whole-body and moisture,crude protein,crude fat,ash,phosphorus content in muscle.Fish that fed on 0.96%,1.22%and 1.48%dietary AP levels had significantly higher ash and phosphorus contents in whole-body and vertebrae than those fed on 0.37%and 0.65%dietary AP levels.Serum phosphorus content and the activity of serum alkaline phosphatase(ALP)increased significantly by increasing dietary AP levels at first,but stabilized while further increasing of dietary AP levels.Fish that fed on 0.96%,1.22%and 1.48%dietary AP levels had significantly higher serum phosphorus content than those fed on 0.37%and 0.65%dietary AP levels.ALP activity in control group were significan

关 键 词：杂交鲟(Acipenser baerii♀×Acipenser schrenckii♂) 有效磷 生长性能 体成分 血清生化 

分 类 号：S963[农业科学—水产养殖]