最小偏向角法测折射率实验的问题探讨  

Discussion on the Experiment of Measuring Refractive Index with Minimum Deviation Angle Method

作　　者：魏良淑[1] 吴芳[1] 王浩浩 蒋夕平[1] WEI Liangshu;WU Fang;WANG Haohao;JIANG Xiping(College of Science,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,China)

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学理学院,江苏南京210095

出　　处：《大学物理实验》2020年第6期31-34,共4页Physical Experiment of College

基　　金：2019年南京农业大学教育教学改革研究项目(2019Y046);2020年南京农业大学“卓越教学”课堂教学创新实践项目(JF2006056)。

摘　　要：最小偏向角的调节和测量是最小偏向角法测折射率实验的主要内容。对于汞灯光源中包含的三条谱线黄、绿、紫光最小偏向角的调节,从理论上分析三者在不同入射角条件下达到偏向角最小,应该做分别调节。但在实验操作上发现当一条谱线偏向角最小时,另外两条几乎也达到了最小,可作同步调节。文章从理论上分析了入射角的偏离对偏向角大小的影响,理论分析结果与实验测量结果一致,从根本上解决了两种认知冲突。The adjustment and measurement of the minimum deviation angle is the main content of the experiment of measuring refractive index with the method of minimum deviation angle.For the adjustment of the minimum deviation angle of yellow,green and purple light contained in the mercury lamp light source,it was theoretically analyzed that the three spectral lines reach the minimum deviation angle under different incident angles.However,it was found that when the deviation angle of one spectral line was the smallest,the other two were almost the minimum,which could be adjusted synchronously.The influence of the deviation of incident angle on the deflection angle was analyzed in theory.The theoretical analysis results are consistent with the experimental results,which fundamentally solves the two cognitive conflicts.

关 键 词：最小偏向角法 三棱镜折射率 入射角 

分 类 号：O4-34[理学—物理]