陆地棉各节位种子油分含量的遗传分析  

Genetic analysis of seed oil content in different nodes of upland cotton

作　　者：陈晨 曹新川[1] 郭伟锋[1] 胡守林[1] 何良荣[1] CHEN Chen;CAO Xinchuan;GUO Weifeng;HU Shoulin;HE Liangrong(College of Plant Science,Tarim University,Alar,Xinjiang 843300)

机构地区：[1]塔里木大学植物科学学院,新疆阿拉尔843300

出　　处：《塔里木大学学报》2021年第1期77-84,共8页Journal of Tarim University

基　　金：新疆生产建设兵团科技攻关项目“高产优质多抗棉新品种选育”(2016AA001-1);塔里木大学校级研究生创新项目“不同环境下新疆陆地棉种子含油率与其产量、纤维品质、脂肪酸含量间的遗传相关性分析”(TDGRI201912)。

摘　　要：采用二倍体种子胚-细胞质-母体效应遗传模型和统计分析方法,对陆地棉各节位种子油分含量的遗传效应进行分析,结果表明:6~14节位的胚显性效应(VDo)(除第6节位外)和细胞质效应(VC)(除第8和第10节位)均达到了显著或极显著水平,且不易受环境因素的影响。7~14节位的遗传主要受基因型×环境互作效应(VGE)的控制,其方差占遗传方差总量(VG+VGE)的43.91%~69.35%;且以母体互作效应(VmE)为主,其方差分别占基因型×环境互作效应(VGE)总方差的64.32%、24.71%、40.92%、54.31%、67.37%、57.07%、49.22%、59.90%;棉籽含油率的遗传率均以互作狭义遗传率为主,其(hGE2)分别为42.75%、51.83%、31.86%、47.35%、31.83%、42.13%、48.19%、35.70%。说明各节位油分含量受环境条件的影响较大。材料a115-11、新陆中38、新陆中59的部分节位可用于提高后代的油分含量。另外,亲本的大部分节位其杂种后代油分含量在不同环境条件下也存在较大的差异,这对陆地棉种子油分含量的遗传改良不利。The genetic model of embryo-cytoplasmic-maternal effect of diploid seeds and the statistical analysis method were used to analyze the genetic effects of oil content of seeds at various fruit nodes of upland cotton under different environmental conditions.The results showed that the embryo dominance variance(VDo)(except for sixth node)and cytoplasmic effects(VC)(except eighth and tenth nodes)at 6-14 fruit nodes were significant or extremely significant,and were not affected by environmental factors.The inheritance of7~14 fruit nodes was mainly controlled by genotype×environment interaction effect(VGE),and its variance accounted for 43.91%~69.35%of the total genetic variance(VG+VGE).The variance of maternal genetic effects(VmE)accounted for 64.32%,24.71%,40.92%,54.31%,67.37%,57.07%,49.22%and 59.90%of the total variance of genotype×environment interaction effect(VGE),respectively.The heritability of cottonseed oil content was dominated by interaction narrow sense heritability(hGE2),which was 42.75%,51.83%,31.86%,47.35%,31.83%,42.13%,48.19%,35.70%respectively,indicating that the oil content of each node was greatly affected by environmental conditions.Some fruit nodes of a115-11,Xinluzhong38 and Xinluzhong59 can be used to improve the oil content of offspring.At the same time,it was also found that the oil content of hybrid progenies of most fruit nodes of parents was also had great differences under different environmental conditions,which was unfavorable for genetic improvement of seed oil content of upland cotton.

关 键 词：陆地棉 不同节位 油分含量 二倍体种子胚-细胞质-母体效应 遗传效应 

分 类 号：S565.9[农业科学—作物学]