地下滴灌土壤湿润体内水盐空间分布规律  

Spatial distribution of water and salt under subsurface drip irrigation

作　　者：朱珠[1,2] 王世昌 文豪 李男 张旭贤 ZHU Zhu;WANG Shichang;WEN Hao;LI Nan;ZHANG Xuxian(College of Water Resources and Architecture Engineering,Tarim University,Alar,Xinjiang 843300;Modern Agricultural Engineering Key Laboratory at Universities of Education Department of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region.Alar,Xinjiang 843300)

机构地区：[1]塔里木大学水利与建筑工程学院,新疆阿拉尔843300 [2]新疆维吾尔自治区教育厅普通高等学校现代农业工程重点实验室,新疆阿拉尔843300

出　　处：《塔里木大学学报》2021年第1期92-97,共6页Journal of Tarim University

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区教育厅普通高等学校现代农业工程重点实验室开放课题“地下滴灌条件下水氮耦合对棉花产量的影响机理研究”(TDNG20180701);国家自然科学基金项目“滴箭式地下滴灌对南疆枣树根系分布及生长发育的影响”(51769032)。

摘　　要：地下滴灌是干旱区最为高效的节水灌溉技术之一,具有节水抑盐的优点。为探明浅埋式地下滴灌不同埋深对土壤湿润体内水盐空间分布的影响,通过室内土柱试验,采用滴头埋深T1(0 cm)、T2(10 cm)与T3(15 cm)三个处理,单因素比较分析在不同滴头埋深条件下,土壤湿润体内部质量含水量及电导率的空间分布规律。结果表明,浅埋式地下滴灌在湿润体内水盐分布特征与湿润峰形状相关,以滴头处为中心,土壤水分随湿润峰运移位置增加而减小,土壤盐分随湿润峰运移位置增加而增加。T3处理较T1与T2处理,湿润体内土壤水分平均增加4.46%和-0.64%;湿润体内脱盐区土壤脱盐率平均增加18.29%和9.45%。滴头埋深15 cm,可增大湿润体、增加湿润体内盐分淡化区和脱盐率、减少积盐区积盐率。该研究为南疆浅埋式地下滴灌技术制定灌溉制度提供参考。Subsurface drip irrigation is one of the most efficient water-saving irrigation technologies in arid areas.To explore the influence of different buried depths of shallow-buried drip irrigation on the spatial distribution of water and salt in wetting body,through laboratory soil column tests,three treatments T1(0 cm),T2(10 cm)and T3(15 cm)were used to compare and analyze the spatial distribution of soil mass water content and electrical conductivity in the soil moisture body under different head embedding depths by single factor.The results showed that the distribution characteristics of water and salt in shallow-buried drip irrigation were related to the shape of the wetting peak,and the soil moisture decreased with the increase of the migration location of the wetting peak,while the soil salinity increased with the increase of the migration location of the wetting peak.Compared with T1 and T2,T3 treatment showed an average increase of 4.46%and-0.64%in soil moisture.The average desalting rate of soil in the humid area increased by 18.29%and9.45%.The dripper buried 15 cm deep can vertically increase the wetting body,increase the desalination area and desalination rate in the wetting body,and reduce the salt accumulation rate in the salt accumulation area.This study provides reference for the formulation of irrigation system by shallow-buried subsurface drip irrigation technology in southern Xinjiang.

关 键 词：地下滴灌 脱盐率 土壤水分 土壤盐分 

分 类 号：S275.4[农业科学—农业水土工程]