充压镦形技术原理及应用  

Technique principle and application of hydro-forging

作　　者：初冠南[1] 陈钢 孙磊 林才渊 CHU Guan-nan;CHEN Gang;SUN Lei;LIN Cai-yuan(School of Materials Science and Technology,Harbin Institute of Technology,Weihai,Weihai 264209,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学(威海)材料科学与工程学院,山东威海264209

出　　处：《塑性工程学报》2021年第2期1-6,共6页Journal of Plasticity Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点资助项目(U1937205);国家自然科学基金面上资助项目(51475121);山东省重大创新工程项目(2019TSLH0103);山东省重点研发计划项目(GG201710020004)。

摘　　要：针对通过"膨胀"变形模式成形中空零件时,塑性变形全部靠内压来驱动,存在对高压依赖严重、壁厚减薄、生产效率低等困难,提出了充压镦形技术,其成形思路与膨胀成形恰好相反。原理是借助内压的支撑,对管坯进行"截面压缩"来成形变截面中空零件。并应用了在法向力支撑下板壳面内压缩失稳应力提高的力学原理。结果表明,变形模式的改变释放了内压,内压仅起辅助支撑作用,所需压力降低至几十兆帕。此外,充压镦形中材料始终在三向压应力条件下变形,从根本上避免了膨胀变形模式下的壁厚减薄和开裂问题。最后通过成形某车身B柱,展示了该工艺在实际运用中的技术优势。In the forming process of hollow parts by expansion deformation mode,the plastic deformation is totally driven by internal pressure,and there are difficulties in excessive high pressure,wall thickness thinning and low production efficiency,so the hydro-forging technology was proposed,and its idea of forming was opposite to expansion forming.The principle is to form hollow parts with variable sections by conducting section compression for tube blank in virtue of the support of internal pressure.And the mechanical principle that the in-plane compression instability stress increases under normal force support was applied.The results show that the internal pressure is liberated by the change of deformation mode,and the internal pressure only plays an auxiliary supporting role,and the required pressure is below dozens of megapascal.In addition,the material always deforms under the condition of three-way compressive stress in the hydroforging,which avoids the problems of wall thickness thinning and cracking in the expansion deformation mode.Finally,the technical advantages of this process in practical application were demonstrated through forming a B-pillar of car body.

关 键 词：充压镦形 截面压缩 开裂 膨胀成形 

分 类 号：TG306[金属学及工艺—金属压力加工]