“库尔勒香梨”根系分布及不同流量点源入渗湿润体特征  

Characterstics of Root Distribution and Wetting Body of Infiltration With Different Flow Rate for‘Korla Pear’

作　　者：吉光鹏 姜继元[2] 牛蛉磊 张栋海 赵思峰[3] 吴玉蓉 JI Guangpeng;JIANG Jiyuan;NIU Linglei;ZHANG Donghai;ZHAO Sifeng;WU Yurong(Institute of Agriculture Science and Technology,Division No.3 of Xinjiang Production and Construction Group,Tumisuke,Xinjiang 843900;Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Science,Shihezi,Xinjiang 832000;Agricultural College,Shihezi University,Shihezi,Xinjiang 832000)

机构地区：[1]第三师农业科学研究所,新疆图木舒克843900 [2]新疆农垦科学院,新疆石河子832000 [3]石河子大学农学院,新疆石河子832000

出　　处：《北方园艺》2021年第4期10-16,共7页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：新疆生产建设兵团科技特派员创新创业计划资助项目(2018CB036);新疆生产建设兵团第三师科技成果转移转化资助项目(KJ2019SF01)。

摘　　要：以"库尔勒香梨"为试材,采用剖面网格取样法,调查"库尔勒香梨"根长密度的水平及垂直分布特征,探索"库尔勒香梨"根系分布的深度、广度与集中分布区。同时设置5种不同梯度滴头流量,监测每隔1 h点源入渗湿润体含水率,根据湿润锋运移特征与香梨集中分布区吻合程度,筛选节水灌溉的最佳滴头流量及最适宜滴灌时间。结果表明:"库尔勒香梨"整个生育期的根系垂直方向集中分布区为20~60 cm,水平方向集中分布区为50~80 cm。在香梨根系水平方向集中分布区域50~80 cm范围内,滴头流量为9.2 L·h^(-1)的处理能够较为平稳的让水分自滴头正下方向两侧运移,且在滴灌开始后预计5 h让0~80 cm垂直范围内的水平剖面水分达到饱和状态。在香梨根系垂直方向集中分布区域20~60 cm范围内,滴头流量为9.2 L·h^(-1)的处理能够较为平稳的让水分自表层向下层运移,且在滴灌开始后5 h让0~100 cm水平范围内的垂直剖面水分达到饱和状态。综合在不同滴头流量下土壤湿润体水平、垂直运移规律,在该地块滴灌推荐使用9.2 L·h^(-1)的滴头流量,滴水时间最佳时间为5 h。The aim of this study was to investigate wetting body characterstics of infiltration with different flow rate and characterstics of root distribution for‘Korla Pear’,analyze the high degree of agreement between the characteristics of soil moisture front transport and root distribution with time,screen the best dripper flow and the most suitable irrigation time.The profile grid sampling method was used to investigate the horizontal and vertical distribution characteristics of the root length density of‘Korla Pear’,explore the depth,breadth and concentrated distribution area of the root distribution of‘Korla Pear’.Through the section grid method,monitor the water content of the infiltration body of five kinds of dripper flow every hour,according to the degree of coincidence between the moist front movement characteristics and the concentrated distribution area of‘Korla Pear’,select the best dripper flow rate and the most suitable drip irrigation time for water-saving irrigation.The results showed that the vertical distribution area of‘Korla Pear’in the vertical growth period was 20-60 cm,and the horizontal distribution area was 50-80 cm.In the area where the pear roots were concentrated in the horizontal direction.The treatment with a dripper flow rate of 9.2 L·h^(-1) could make the water move smoothly migrate from downward to both sides of the dripper,it was estimated that five hours after the start of drip irrigation,the horizontal profile in the vertical range of 0-80 cm would be saturated.In the area where the pear roots were concentrated vertically.The treatment with the dripper flow rate of 9.2 L·h^(-1)could make the water move from the surface layer to the lower layer more smoothly,five hours after the start of drip irrigation,the vertical profile in the 0-100 cm horizontal range would reach saturation.The law of horizontal and vertical migration of soil moistening body under different dripper flow,it was recommended to use the dripper flow rate of 9.2 L·h^(-1) for drip irrigation in t

关 键 词：“库尔勒香梨” 根系分布特征 滴头流量 土壤湿润体特征 土壤含水率 

分 类 号：S661.2[农业科学—果树学]