氮磷钾配施对丹参生长和药用成分的影响  

Effects of N,P and K on the Growth and Medicinal Ingredients of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge.

作　　者：施田田 陶珊 吴宇 廖雪梅 彭芳 张超[1] SHI Tiantian;TAO Shan;WU Yu;LIAO Xuemei;PENG Fang;ZHANG Chao(Research Institute of Cash Crop Breeding and Cultivation,Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Chengdu,Sichuan 610300;Institute of Rice Research,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu,Sichuan 611130)

机构地区：[1]四川省农业科学院经济作物育种栽培研究所,四川成都610300 [2]四川农业大学水稻所,四川成都611130

出　　处：《北方园艺》2021年第4期113-117,共5页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：中药材产业技术体系成都综合试验站资助项目(CARS-21);四川省财政创新提升工程资助项目(2016TSCY-001)。

摘　　要：以"川丹参1号"为试材,采用氮、磷、钾三因素四水平正交实验设计,研究在底肥中施入不同比例氮磷钾对丹参各部位生物量和主要药用成分的影响,以期找出适宜丹参生长的最佳氮磷钾配施比例。结果表明:氮肥能增加丹参根条数以及根鲜质量,但过量的施用氮肥会抑制丹参酮类的积累;磷肥对株高存在抑制作用;钾肥对根长生长存在抑制作用。综合产量和品质因素考虑,在该试验条件下,以N_(3)P_(2)K_(2)效果最好,在大田应用中,尿素、过磷酸钙、硫酸钾施肥参数分别为495、1260、300 kg·hm^(-2)。The effects of different proportion of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium on the biomass and main medicinal components of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge.were studied by orthogonal design with three factors of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium at four levels,in order to find out the optimum ratio of N,P and K for growth of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge..The results showed that nitrogen fertilizer could promote the root number and fresh weight of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge.but excessive application of nitrogen fertilizer could inhibit the accumulation of tanshinone IIA and cryptotanshinonee,phosphorus fertilizer could inhibit the plant height and potassium fertilizer could inhibit the growth of roots.Considering the factors of yield and quality,the effect of N_(3)P_(2)K_(2) was the best under the experimental conditions.In the field application,the fertilizer parameters of urea,SSP and K2SO4 were 495,1 260,300 kg·hm^(-2) respectively.

关 键 词：丹参 氮磷钾 地上性状 根部性状 药用成分 

分 类 号：S645[农业科学—蔬菜学]