基层游泳运动员的训练动机调查研究  

Research on the Training Motivation of Grass-Roots Swimmers

作　　者：唐晓风 马骏 TANG Xiaofeng;MA Jun(Haining Children's Sports School,Haining,Zhejiang Province,314400 China)

机构地区：[1]海宁市少年儿童体育学校,浙江海宁314400

出　　处：《当代体育科技》2021年第3期227-230,235,共5页Contemporary Sports Technology

摘　　要：该文采用文献资料法、问卷调查法、访谈法和数理分析法,对我国部分基层游泳运动员及家长进行了调查,研究基层游泳运动员的训练动机,能够加强我国竞技体育游泳后备人才的培养。调查分析后得出结论:(1)基层游泳队运动员人数随着训练年限呈现出下滑趋势;(2)基层游泳队运动员家长对运动员参加游泳训练的态度,有一部分取决于孩子自身对训练的态度,家长支持运动员参加游泳训练的目的是短期的;(3)运动员参加游泳训练的动机和家长支持运动员参加游泳训练的目的一致,除了对游泳感兴趣这一发自自身的情感动机以外,其他的都是家长在潜移默化中影响运动员的;(4)随着训练年限的延长,运动员及家长的训练动机便会产生变化,训练年限较少的运动员主要是为了锻炼身体及对游泳有兴趣,训练年限在3年以上的运动员,其主要的训练动机便成为了取得冠军,并进入好的学校。根据结论,提出了一些针对性的建议:基层游泳队教练员应积极与具有优秀条件的运动员家长进行沟通,且使其了解职业运动的相关情况,明确运动员的发展道路及优势,使得家长、运动员、游泳队目标一致。By using the methods of literature,questionnaire,interview and mathematical analysis,this paper investigates some grass-roots swimmers and their parents in China,and studies the training motivation of grassroots swimmers,in order to strengthen the training of reserve talents for competitive sport swimming.After investigation and analysis,the conclusions are as follows:(1)The number of athletes of grass-roots swimming teams s hows a downward trend a long with the training years.(2)The a ttitude of parents of a thletes of g rassroots swimming teams towards athletes participating in swimming training.(3)The motivation of the athletes to participate in s wimming training is the s ame a s that of the parents who s upport the a thletes,except for the emotional motive of being interested in swimming,the other motive is that the parents inf luence the athletes imperceptibly.(4)As the training time goes on,the training motive of the athletes and their parents will change,athletes with fewer years of training are primarily motivated by physical activity and an interest in swimming.Athletes with more than three years of training are motivated by the desire to win a championship and get into a good school.According to the conclusion,this paper puts forward some pertinent suggestions:the coaches of grass-roots swimming teams should actively communicate with the parents of excellent athletes,and make them understand the relevant situation of professional sports,and make clear the development path and advantages of athletes,get parents,athletes,and swim teams on the same page.

关 键 词：基层游泳队 游泳运动员 训练动机 发展道路 优势 

分 类 号：G80[文化科学—运动人体科学]