农村耕地分布不均等性的变化:1988—2013  

Changes in Land Inequality in Rural China from 1988 to 2013

作　　者：罗楚亮 梁晓慧 LUO Chu-liang;LIANG Xiao-hui(School of Labor and Human Resource,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872,China;Business School,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学劳动人事学院,北京100872 [2]北京师范大学经济与工商管理学院,北京100875

出　　处：《安徽师范大学学报（社会科学版）》2021年第2期123-134,共12页Journal of Anhui Normal University(Hum.&Soc.Sci.)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目(18ZDA080)。

摘　　要：农村土地分配对于农业发展、农村稳定和农民增收可能具有先决性的影响。采用CHIP1988、1995、2002和2013年的数据考察了农村耕地分配不均等性的变化,发现1988—2002年人均耕地面积出现了一定程度的下降,而2013年有较小幅度的上升。以基尼系数衡量的土地不均等在1995年出现了略微的下降,之后年份保持持续上升趋势,且2013年不均等程度已超过1988年。进一步研究发现,不论是采用农业收入还是总收入,整体上均显示随收入水平提高其人均耕地面积也增加,这说明土地可能更多的集中在富人手中。此外,本文还发现户主为女性、家庭人口规模越大则人均耕地面积越小,而家庭收入与县均值的比率以及县农业收入占比越高其人均耕地面积越大。采用Oaxaca-Blinder分解结果显示,家庭规模和家庭年龄性别结构因素随时间变化对人均耕地面积变动的影响变得更加重要。Land allocation may have a prerequisite impact on agricultural development,rural stability and farmers’income.This paper examines the unequal distribution of rural arable land using data from CHIP 1988,1995,2002 and 2013.It was found that there was some decline in acreage per capita in 1988-2002,while in 2013 there was a small increase.Land inequality,as measured by the Gini coefficient,declined slightly in 1995 and continued to increase in the following years,and the land was allocated more unequally in 2013 that in 1988.Further,whether using agricultural income or total income,both of them indicate an increase in the area of arable land per capita with income,suggesting that land may be more concentrated to the rich.In addition,the larger the female-headed household size,the smaller acreage per capita while the higher the ratio of household income to county average and the proportion of county agricultural income,the larger the area of cultivated land per capita.The Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition indicates that household size and age-gender composition played an increasingly important role in land inequality changes.

关 键 词：人均耕地面积 基尼系数 OAXACA-BLINDER分解 

分 类 号：F321.1[经济管理—产业经济]