农村分散生活污水的AO滤池与人工湿地组合处理工艺及资源化再利用  

Combined Processes of AO Filter and Constructed Wetland and Resourceful Reuse for Decentralized Rural Wastewater Treatment

作　　者：陶昱明 孙芸 徐佳莹 赵鸣秋 杨小丽[2] 宋海亮 TAO Yuming;SUN Yun;XU Jiaying;ZHAO Mingqiu;YANG Xiaoli;SONG Hailiang(Nanjing Water Supply and Drainage Engineering Design Institute Co.,Ltd.,Nanjing 210002,China;School of Civil Engineering,Southeast University,Nanjing 211189,China;School of Environment,Nanjing Normal University,Nanjing 210023,China)

机构地区：[1]南京市给排水工程设计院有限公司,江苏南京210002 [2]东南大学土木工程学院,江苏南京211189 [3]南京师范大学环境学院,江苏南京210023

出　　处：《净水技术》2021年第3期99-105,共7页Water Purification Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFD1100205);国家科技重大专项课题(2017ZX07202004)。

摘　　要：为同步实现分散农村生活污水处理与资源化利用,构建了一套厌氧/好氧(AO)滤池-人工湿地组合系统。通过调控厌氧/好氧组合滤池运行参数,使其出水具有不同硝铵比;结合人工湿地供试植物对不同氮素的定量吸收偏好,优化人工湿地供试植物搭配与种植比。研究表明,生菜、水芹、韭菜、番茄为喜硝类植株,小叶茼蒿、空心菜、菠菜为喜铵类植物,油麦菜属硝铵吸收平衡类。组合系统在A滤池和O滤池水力负荷分别为2.12 m^(3)/(m^(2)·d)和1.7 m^(3)/(m^(2)·d)时,出水硝铵比约为2∶1,搭配种植比例为3∶2的水芹∶生菜,其出水水质稳定达到《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》(GB 18918—2002)一级A标准,此时植物根系发达,植株高大;系统在实现污染物资源化再利用的同时,提升了人工湿地的生物降解能力。In order to realize decentralized rural wastewater treatment and resourceful reuse simultaneously,a combined system composed of anaerobic filter-aerobic filter-constructed wetland was constructed.By adjusting operating parameters of anaerobic filter-aerobic filter,effluents had different NO3--N/NH4+-N ratios.According to quantitative absorption preference of testing plants in constructed wetland for different nitrogen species,collocation and planting ratios of testing plants in constructed wetland were optimized.Laboratory research demonstrated that lettuce,cress,leek and tomato preferred nitrate,while garland chrysanthemum,water spinach and spinach preferred ammonium.Oilseed rape belonged to the class of ammonium nitrate absorption balance.In the combined process,when hydraulic loading of anaerobic filter and aerobic filter were 2.12 m^(3)/(m^(2)·d)and 1.7 m^(3)/(m^(2)·d),effluent NO3--N/NH4+-N ratio turned out to be 2∶1.Then,filter effluent flowed into the wetland where the ratio of cress and lettuce was 3∶2,and final effluent water quality met first grade A criteria of Discharge Standard of Pollutants for Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant(GB 18918—2002).The plants grew well with roots flourishing.The system could not only realize resourceful reuse of pollutants,but also improve biodegradation ability of constructed wetlands.

关 键 词：农村分散性污水 生物生态耦合 硝铵比 植物吸收特性 资源化再利用 

分 类 号：TU992.3[建筑科学—市政工程]