海南省农业人员农药使用知信行调查  

Investigation on knowledge,attitude and practice of pesticide use among agricultural personnel in Hainan province

作　　者：颜有萱 卢素丽 张磊 龙飞 王菊 于德娥[1] Yan Youxuan;Lu Suli;Zhang Lei(The School of Public Health of Hainan Medical University,Haikou,Hainan 571199)

机构地区：[1]海南医学院公共卫生学院,海南海口571199

出　　处：《基层医学论坛》2021年第7期913-916,共4页The Medical Forum

基　　金：海南省大学生创新创业项目(201811810071);海南医学院创新创业项目(hycx2018071);海南省自然科研基金项目(817130)。

摘　　要：目的了解海南农业人员农药使用知识、态度和行为情况,为指导其安全、合理、有效用药提供依据,以减少农药对农业人员的危害。方法采用分阶段整群随机抽样的方法,抽取680名海南省农业人员进行问卷调查。结果本次共有609人参与调查,男性327人,占比53.7%;文化程度小学及以下者占比45.5%。85.2%的人认为喷洒农药影响健康,87.0%的人认为喷洒农药时需要戴口罩,83.6%的人认为喷洒农药时需要穿长衣长裤,76.4%的人认为喷洒农药时需要穿鞋袜,69.5%的人认为农药可以经过皮肤吸收,81.8%的人认为可以通过呼吸道吸收,83.7%的人认为农药对环境有污染。有52.7%的农业人员在使用农药时会考虑高温,配制农药时每次都佩戴橡胶手套的人数仅占17.2%,每次用药时穿戴长袖长裤的人数仅占13.01%;喷洒农药时,佩戴橡胶手套的人占33.0%,23.6%的人会佩戴口罩,32.4%的人会穿戴长袖长裤;每次喷洒农药后,14.3%的人会及时洗澡,7.3%的人会及时洗手洗脸,及时更换干净衣服的人数占13.6%。影响因素分析发现,年龄、文化程度与农药使用知识知晓情况呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论海南省农业人员对农药危害的认识程度较高,但防护意识较差,应加强农药危害知识的宣传以及健康教育,进一步提高农业人员的健康素养。Objective To understand the knowledge,attitude and behavior of pesticide use among agricultural personnel in Hainan,so as to provide basis for guiding their safe,rational and effective drug use,so as to reduce the harm of pesticides to agricultural personnel and improve the health level of agricultural personnel.Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among 680 agricultural workers by means of stratified cluster random sampling.Results A total of 609 people participated in the survey,327 were male,accounting for 53.7%;those with primary school education or below accounted for 45.5%;85.2%of the respondents thought that spraying pesticides would affect their health,87.0%believed that they needed to wear masks,83.6%thought they needed to wear long clothes and trousers,76.4%thought they needed to wear shoes and socks,69.5%thought that pesticides could be absorbed through the skin,81.8%thought they could be absorbed through respiratory tract,83.7%thought that pesticides would pollute the environment,and 52.7%thought that pesticides could be absorbed through skin Only 17.2%of agricultural workers wear rubber gloves and 13.01%of them wear long sleeves and trousers when using pesticides.When spraying pesticides,33.0%of the people wore rubber gloves,23.6%of the agricultural workers would wear masks,and 32.4%of the people would wear long sleeves and trousers.After spraying pesticides,14.3%of them would take a bath in time,7.3%would wash their hands and face in time,and 13.6%of them would change their clothes in time.Analysis of influencing factors showed that age and education level were positively correlated with awareness of pesticide use knowledge,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Agricultural workers in Hainan Province have a good understanding of pesticide hazards,but poor awareness of protection.Therefore,we should strengthen the publicity of pesticide hazards and the education of pesticide health effects,and further strengthen the health literacy of agricultural personnel.

关 键 词：农业人员 农药使用 知信行 问卷调查 

分 类 号：R3[医药卫生—基础医学]