异侧缝-孔组合式鱼道水力特性试验研究  

An experimental study on hydraulic characteristics of slot-orifice combined fishway with a staggered layout

作　　者：董志勇[1] 严泽阳 黄洲 余俊鹏 童建莉 DONG Zhiyong;YAN Zeyang;HUANG Zhou;YU Junpeng;TONG Jianli(College of Civil Engineering,Zhejiang University of Technology,Hangzhou 310023,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江工业大学土木工程学院,浙江杭州310023

出　　处：《浙江工业大学学报》2021年第2期119-123,共5页Journal of Zhejiang University of Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51779225)。

摘　　要：在异侧布置竖缝与矩形中孔组合式鱼道水槽中,利用声学多普勒测速仪(ADV)量测了鱼道水池中的三维瞬时流速,剖析了不同水平面、纵剖面和横断面上的流动特征,给出了时均流速、紊动强度和雷诺应力的变化特征。试验结果表明:水平面上流动特征呈孔口射流与竖缝壁面射流汇聚,并在水池内形成一个顺时针方向的大旋涡;位于孔口纵剖面上的最大纵向流速沿程衰减较快,而在竖缝纵剖面上则由于孔口射流的并入衰减较慢;纵向流速沿横向分布存在两个峰值区,分别位于竖缝区、孔口区;在射流汇聚区、合并区,纵向流速明显比横向流速和垂向流速大;孔口区纵剖面上最大雷诺应力沿程逐渐减小,而在竖缝区则沿程逐渐增大。试验结果可供组合式鱼道设计时参考。In a combined fishway flume of vertical slot and rectangular central orifice with a staggered layout,the three-dimensional instantaneous velocities were measured by acoustic Doppler velocimetry(ADV).The flow characteristics on the different horizontal planes,longitudinal profiles and cross-sections were analyzed and the variation in time-averaged velocity,turbulence intensity and Reynolds stress were given.The experimental results showed that the flow characteristics on the horizontal plane exhibit orifice jet converged with the wall jet issuing from the vertical slot,and then a clockwise vortex is formed in the pool;the maximum longitudinal velocity on the longitudinal profile located at the orifice decays rapidly,whereas the one on the longitudinal profile located at the vertical slot decays slowly due to the orifice jet joining;two peak-value regions exist for the transverse distribution of longitudinal velocity,which locate respectively in the vertical slot and the orifice regions;in the converged and combined regions of jets,the longitudinal velocity is apparently greater than the transverse and vertical velocities;the maximum Reynolds stress on the longitudinal profile gradually decreases in the orifice region,however,the maximum stress gradually increases along the flow direction in the vertical slot region.The above-mentioned experimental results can be used as a reference for the design of combined fishways.

关 键 词：缝-孔组合式鱼道 水槽试验 时均流速 紊动强度 雷诺应力 

分 类 号：TV131.3[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]