中国城镇居民健康的性别差异分解模型  

Decomposition model of gender differencesin health of urban residents in China

作　　者：熊彦 XIONG Yan(School of Mathematics and Big Data,Foshan University,Foshan 528000,China)

机构地区：[1]佛山科学技术学院数学与大数据学院,广东佛山528300

出　　处：《佛山科学技术学院学报（自然科学版）》2021年第2期33-38,52,共7页Journal of Foshan University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：教育部人文社科一般项目(18YJCZH206);全国统计科学研究项目(2018LY45)。

摘　　要：将健康的性别差异分解为可被社会经济因素本身不同解释的部分和由社会经济因素对健康的影响不同解释的部分,从而定量刻画中国居民健康性别差异的结构。为此,在Fairlie非线性分解框架下,将经典的Oaxaca-Blinder分解方法扩展到适用于Logit模型的分解,基于CHIP2013数据集,定量分解了我国城镇居民健康的性别差异。结果显示,社会经济因素对我国城镇居民男性和女性健康的影响机制不同;接近1/4的健康性别差异可以被男女居民社会经济特征本身的不同解释,而各社会经济因素对男女健康影响的不同造成的健康性别差异达到3/4以上。同时进一步将可被社会经济因素本身不同解释的部分分解到各个变量,可以看出男女居民职业地位不同导致的健康差异(在可被社会经济因素本身不同所解释部分中)贡献率最大,教育年限则缓解了部分性别健康差异。定量分解方法的引入,对深入认识我国城镇居民健康的性别差异的结构有非常重要的价值;政策启示在于应该从社会经济因素影响健康的机制和男女职业地位不平等两方面入手缓解我国居民健康性别差异。This paper decomposes the gender differences in health into the parts that can be explained by different socio-economic factors themselves and parts that can be explained by different socio-economic factors on health,so as to quantitatively describe the structure of gender differences in health of Chinese residents.Therefore,in the framework of Fairlie nonlinear decomposition,the classic Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition method is extended to the Logit model,and the gender differences of urban residents’health in China are quantitatively decomposed based on CHIP 2013 data set.The results show that the influence mechanism of socio-economic factors on the health of male and female urban residents is different;nearly 1/4 of the health gender differences can be explained by the different socio-economic characteristics of male and female residents,and the health gender differences caused by different socio-economic factors on the health of male and female urban residents are more than 3/4.At the same time,the part that can be explained by different socio-economic factors itself is further decomposed into various variables.It can be seen that the difference in health caused by different occupational status of male and female residents(in the part that can be explained by different socio-economic factors themselves)contributes the most,while the length of education slows down some of the gender health differences.The introduction of quantitative decomposition method is of great value to the in-depth understanding of the structure of gender differences in the health of urban residents in China;when designing policies,we should start from the mechanism of socio-economic factors affecting health and the unequal professional status of men and women to alleviate the gender differences in the health of urban residents in China.

关 键 词：健康性别差异 变量效应 结构效应 OAXACA-BLINDER分解 

分 类 号：O212[理学—概率论与数理统计] TP271[理学—数学]