化学药剂对淡水壳菜的灭杀研究  

Study on inactivation effect of chemical agent on Limnoperna fortunei

作　　者：李荣 贾霞珍 胡建坤 苏晓 马凯 Li Rong;Jia Xiazhen;Hu Jiankun;Su Xiao;Ma Kai(Tianjin Water Group Co.Ltd,Tianjin 300042,China;Tianjin Waterworks Group Co.Ltd,Tianjin 300040,China)

机构地区：[1]天津水务集团有限公司,天津300042 [2]天津市自来水集团有限公司,天津300040

出　　处：《供水技术》2021年第1期29-32,共4页Water Technology

摘　　要：为减轻淡水壳菜对原水输水管道和水厂产生的危害,分别对次氯酸钠、氯胺、高锰酸钾灭杀淡水壳菜的效果进行了研究,结果表明:这3种药剂对淡水壳菜均具有灭杀作用,在一定浓度范围内,灭杀效果依次是氯胺>高锰酸钾>次氯酸钠。由于淡水壳菜在不利条件下有闭壳保护能力,导致灭杀效果并非药剂浓度越高越好。在夏季水温为25~27℃时,使用次氯酸钠灭杀,水中次氯酸钠的最佳浓度为1~2 mg/L;使用氯胺灭杀,氯氨比为4∶1,水中总氯浓度为1.0~1.4 mg/L时效果最好;使用高锰酸钾灭杀,水中高锰酸钾浓度为0.5~1.0 mg/L时最为经济、高效且安全。要达到一定的淡水壳菜灭杀效果,药剂需要连续投加7 d以上。To reduce the harm to raw water pipelines and waterworks by Limnoperna fortumei,the inactivation effect of sodium hypochlorite,chloramine,potassium permanganate on Limnoperna fortunei was investigated.The results showed all of the three chemicals could inactivate Limnoperna fortumei.The chloramine had the optimal effect,followed by potassium permanganate and sodium hypochlorite under a certain range of concentration.Due to the Limnoperna fortunei's protecting ability of closing shell under unfavorable conditions,the increase of chemical concentration was not accompanied with better inactivation effect.When the water temperature was 25~27℃in summer,the optimal concentration range of sodium hypochlorite in water was 1~2 mg/L when using sodium hypochlorite,and the total chlorine concentration of 1.0~1.4 mg/L with chloramines ratio of 4:1 when using chloramines,and it was the most economical,efficient and safe for using potassium permanganate with concentration of 0.5~1.0 mg/L.In order to achieve a certain effect of Limnoperna fortunei inactivation,the chemical agents should be continuously dosed more than 7 d.

关 键 词：淡水壳菜 灭杀 次氯酸钠 氯胺 高锰酸钾 

分 类 号：TU991.2[建筑科学—市政工程]