考虑齿变形的迷宫密封泄漏特性流固耦合数值研究  

Numerical Study on Fluid-Structure Interaction of Labyrinth Seal Leakage Characteristics Considering Tooth Deformation

作　　者：孙丹[1] 周敏 赵欢[1] 王平[1] 杜宸宇 SUN Dan;ZHOU Min;ZHAO Huan;WANG Ping;DU Chenyu(Shenyang Aerospace University,Liaoning Key Laboratory of Advanced Measurement and Test Technology for Aviation Propulsion System,Shenyang Liaoning 110136,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳航空航天大学,辽宁省航空推进系统先进测试技术重点实验室,辽宁沈阳110136

出　　处：《润滑与密封》2021年第3期130-136,共7页Lubrication Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51675351);中国博士后科学基金项目(2018M633572);辽宁省高等学校创新人才支持计划项目(LR2016033)。

摘　　要：为研究非金属热塑性材料的迷宫密封齿变形对密封性能的影响,建立考虑齿变形的迷宫密封泄漏特性瞬态流固耦合数值求解模型,在验证数值求解模型准确性的基础上,分析不同进出口压比下,酚酞聚芳醚酮(PEKC)、聚醚醚酮(PEEK)、聚醚砜酮(PPESKca30)3种材料的迷宫密封力学特性及泄漏特性。研究结果表明:考虑齿变形的密封流场中最后一节齿顶处的压力要低于其相同工况下未考虑齿变形的流体压力,而速度则恰好相反;在不同进出口压比下,密封齿受到气流力作用发生变形,密封径向间隙增大,导致泄漏量增加了6.6%~30%;当进出口压比相同时,材料的弹性模量越大,密封齿变形越小,封严性能越好;研究的3种材料中,PPESKca30的变形量最小,密封泄漏量最少;密封件最大变形量均出现在齿顶位置,且从其齿顶位置向齿根方向逐渐减小;密封件等效应力的最大值均分布在齿根位置,且从其齿顶位置向齿根方向逐渐增大。In order to study the influence of the deformation of labyrinth teeth of non-metallic thermoplastic materials on the sealing performance,the transient fluid-solid coupling numerical solution model of labyrinth seal leakage characteristic considering tooth deformation was established.The accuracy of numerical solution model was verified,and the mechanical properties and leakage characteristics of labyrinth seals with three kinds of materials,phenolphthalein poly(aryl ether ketone)(PEKC),polyether ether ketone(PEEK),poly(ether sulfone ketone)(PPESKca30)under different inlet and outlet pressure ratios were analyzed.The results show that the pressure at the top of the last tooth in the sealing flow field with tooth deformation considered is lower than that without considering tooth deformation under the same condition,and the velocity is just the opposite.Under different inlet and outlet pressure ratios,the sealing teeth are deformed under the action of airflow force,and the sealing radial clearance is increased,resulting in an increase in leakage from 6.6%to 30%.When the inlet and outlet pressure ratio is the same,the larger the elastic modulus of the material,the smaller the deformation of the sealing teeth,the better the sealing performance.Among the three materials studied,PPESKca30 has the least deformation and the least sealing leakage.The maximum deformation of seals occurs in the position of the tooth top,and the deformation is gradually decreased from the position of the tooth top to the direction of the tooth root.The maximum value of the equivalent stress of the seal is distributed in the position of the tooth root,and the equivalent stress is increased gradually from the position of the tooth top to the direction of the tooth root.

关 键 词：迷宫密封 齿材料 齿变形 瞬态流固耦合 泄漏特性 

分 类 号：TG156[金属学及工艺—热处理] TH136[金属学及工艺—金属学]