miRNA在中枢神经系统发育中的作用机制及临床应用研究进展  

Advancement on the mechanism of action and clinical application of miRNA in central nervous system development

作　　者：黄婉仪 张又祥 Huang Wanyi;Zhang Youxiang(Department of Pediatrics,Guangzhou First People's Hospital,The Second Affiliated Hospital of South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510180,China)

机构地区：[1]广州市第一人民医院,华南理工大学附属第二医院儿科,510180

出　　处：《国际医药卫生导报》2021年第4期625-627,共3页International Medicine and Health Guidance News

摘　　要：MicroRNA(miRNA)是RNA的一种具体类型,其大小一般在21~23核苷酸范围内,因而属于单链小分子RNA。在中枢神经系统中,存在一组特有的miRNA,其在中枢发育、神经元分化、突触塑形各过程中均扮演着非常重要的角色,关系着神经系统功能发挥,因此引起了医学界的高度关注,成为了神经系统研究的新焦点,相当一部分的学者对此展开了研究。本文就miRNA在中枢神经系统发育中的作用机制及临床应用情况进行综述,旨在为妊娠糖尿病引发新生儿神经行为发育异常所致的大脑认知功能障碍的基因诊断和治疗提供新的思路。MicroRNA(miRNA)is a specific type of RNA.Its size generally ranges from 21 to 23 nt,so it belongs to single-stranded small-molecule RNA.In the central nervous system,there is a group of unique miRNA involved in the process of central development,neuronal differentiation,and synaptic shaping,which is closely related to the occurrence of nervous system diseases.Therefore,it has attracted great attention from the medical community and become a new focus of nervous system research.More and more scholars have carried out researches on this.This review studies the mechanism of action and clinical application of miRNA in central nervous system development,to provide new ideas for treatment and abnormal gene diagnosis of neonatal neurobehavioral development of brain dysfunction caused by gestational diabetes.

关 键 词：中枢神经系统 MICRORNA 发育 疾病 作用机制 影响 

分 类 号：R338[医药卫生—人体生理学]